In the hydraulic pump according to the present invention, a straight path among the paths, through which the fluid flows within the hydraulic pump, and a connection point on the straight path are formed to have curvatures, so that it is possible to prevent stress from being concentrated to the connection point, thereby improving durability, and it is possible to manufacture the hydraulic pump by forming a casting shape with a curvature in advance, thereby decreasing additional machining and decreasing costs of a product.

A swash-plate type piston pump includes a cylinder block configured to be rotated with rotation of a driving shaft, a plurality of pistons accommodated in a plurality of cylinders provided in the cylinder block, a swash plate configured to reciprocate the piston so that a volume chamber of the cylinder is expanded/contracted with the rotation of the cylinder block, an biasing mechanism configured to bias the swash plate in a direction where a tilting angle is made larger, a control pin configured to drive the swash plate in a direction where the tilting angle is made smaller in accordance with a rise in a load pressure of a pressure chamber, and a discharge channel configured to discharge the load pressure of the pressure chamber.

A swash-plate type piston pump includes a cylinder block configured to be rotated with rotation of a driving shaft, a plurality of pistons accommodated in a plurality of cylinders provided in the cylinder block, a swash plate configured to reciprocate the piston so that a volume chamber of the cylinder is expanded/contracted with the rotation of the cylinder block, an biasing mechanism configured to bias the swash plate in a direction where a tilting angle is made larger, a control pin configured to drive the swash plate in a direction where the tilting angle is made smaller in accordance with a rise in a load pressure of a pressure chamber, and a discharge channel configured to discharge the load pressure of the pressure chamber.

A hydrostatic piston machine has an adjustment element that is adjustable for varying a displacement volume, and a rotating cylinder part having a plurality of cylinder bores with pistons that are supported on the adjustment element and delimit a displacement chamber. Each displacement chamber is moved in an alternating manner by a connecting opening to overlap a low-pressure control opening situated on a low-pressure side of a stationary control part and a high-pressure control opening situated on a high-pressure side of the control part. Two switching regions are situated between the low-pressure control opening and the high-pressure control opening, the pistons changing direction at a dead center within the switching regions. The position of the adjustment element is determined from a pressure profile which is a function of the variable size of the displacement chambers in a switching region, the variable size depending on the position of the adjustment element.

A hydrostatic axial piston machine has a drive shaft penetrating a housing on either side. In this case, the mechanically weaker of the two shaft ends is strengthened by an undercut being eliminated, said undercut defining the minimum diameter of the shaft end and thus of the entire drive shaft. Instead, the strength of the relevant shaft end is increased by a displacement of a circular bearing surface for a rolling bearing radially outwardly and away from the rolling bearing. In this case, the circular bearing surface is displaced below a compression spring which clamps the cylinder drum against a distributor plate. The resulting spacing between the circular bearing surface and the rolling bearing remaining in place is bridged by a sleeve or by a ring. A concave rounded shaft shoulder is simply formed below the sleeve and/or the ring.

A servo piston assembly having a servo piston body mounted within a servo piston cylinder. A pair of bushings are mounted within each end of the servo piston body. An elongated bore extends through the servo piston body and receives a guide rod that extends out of the servo piston body and is received within the servo piston cylinder.

A pressure-maintaining valve arrangement of a purge circuit of a closed hydraulic circuit includes a pressure-maintaining valve configured to be shut off via a pilot valve. In one embodiment, a control pressure chamber, acting in the closing direction, of the pressure-maintaining valve is configured to be relieved via the pilot valve to a tank, and the pressure-maintaining valve is closed via a spring acting in the closing direction. In another embodiment, the valve arrangement includes an additional control pressure chamber acting in the closing direction. The additional control pressure chamber is configured to be loaded via the pilot valve, and the pressure-maintaining valve closes. The pressure of the inlet of the pressure-maintaining valve is used for this purpose.

A hydrostatic axial piston machine includes a double-acting actuating cylinder configured to adjust the piston displacement. The actuating cylinder has two actuating chambers that are connected to two spatially separated cartridge valves. The two cartridge valves are inserted obliquely into a wall section of the axial piston machine. The wall section on the one hand forms a wall of the housing of the axial piston machine and on the other hand forms a wall of the actuating cylinder.

A hydraulic rotating machine includes a case, a cylinder block housed in the case and having a plurality of cylinders, a piston reciprocatively inserted into the cylinder; a swash plate configured to reciprocate the piston as the cylinder block rotates, a tilt control piston configured to biase the swash plate and control a tilt angle of the swash plate, and a stopper mounted to the case, the stopper being configured to define a minimum tilt angle of the swash plate. The stopper has a sliding surface for slidably supporting the tilt control piston.

A method for treating laundry in a laundry washing machine (1; 201; 301; 401) having: a washing tub (3) external to a rotatable perforated washing drum (4) configured to receive laundry; a water supply circuit (5) to supply water into the washing tub (3); a detergent supplier (60) to supply detergent (D) into the washing tub (3); a rinse additive supplier (70) to supply at least one rinse additive (S) into the washing tub (3); a first recirculation circuit (30) suitable for withdrawing liquid from the bottom region (3a) of the washing tub (3) and for re-admitting such a liquid into the bottom region (3a) of the washing tub (3). The method has a washing phase (120) during which the laundry is washed with introduction of water and detergent (D) into the washing tub (3) and tumbled by rotation of the washing drum (4), at least one successive draining phase (125) for draining liquid from the washing tub (3) and at least one following rinsing cycle (130a, 130b, 130n; 130′n; 230a, 230b, . . . , 230n) during which the laundry is treated with the rinse additive (S). The rinsing cycle (130n; 130′n; 230n) has the steps of: introducing (140; 140′; 240) a quantity (Qs) of rinse additive (S) into the washing tub (3); introducing (140; 140′; 240) a first quantity (Q1w) of water (W) into the washing tub (3); activating (141; 141′; 241) the first recirculation circuit (30) for withdrawing liquid from the washing tub (3) and re-admitting the liquid into the washing tub (3) in such a way that the rinse additive (S) is diluted with the first quantity (Q1w) of water (W) at the bottom region (3a) of the washing tub (3); introducing (142; 142′) the diluted rinse additive into the perforated washing drum (4) in order to be absorbed by said laundry.