Provided are nutritional compositions having a protein component that includes certain peptides and/or bioactive peptides. Further disclosed are nutritional composition having a protein source that includes intact protein, beta-casein enriched casein hydrolysate, and/or peptides weighing from about 500 Da to about 1,999 Da. The nutritional compositions disclosed are suitable for administration to pediatric subjects, such as infants.

A supplement for preventing and/or treating gastrointestinal distress, including ulcer conditions, in animals is disclosed. The supplement is in a gel form and comprises mastic gum and an emulsifying agent such as lecithin. The supplement may also comprise a vegetable oil, B vitamins, one or more prebiotics or probiotics, and one or more minerals as well as, pH buffers and flavoring. The amount of mastic gum is from about 1 to about 6 grams per 10 cubic centimeters of gel.

A nutritional composition including no greater than about 7 g/100 kcal of a fat or lipid source; no greater than about 7 g/100 kcal of a protein or protein equivalent source; at least about 5 g/100 kcal of a carbohydrate; and at least about 9 mg/100 kcal of inositol, wherein the inositol comprises exogenous inositol and inherent inositol, and wherein the ratio of exogenous inositol to inherent inositol is at least 75:25.

A nutritional composition including no greater than about 7 g/100 kcal of a fat or lipid source; no greater than about 7 g/100 kcal of a protein or protein equivalent source; at least about 5 g/100 kcal of a carbohydrate; and at least about 9 mg/100 kcal of inositol, wherein the inositol comprises exogenous inositol and inherent inositol, and wherein the ratio of exogenous inositol to inherent inositol is at least 75:25.

Provided herein are formulations and methods helping individuals enhance cognitive function, facilitate memory processing, induce and maintain sleep, stabilize mood, reduce symptoms of stress and anxiety, facilitate energy production, improve mental and emotional health, or support long-term brain health.

Provided herein are formulations and methods helping individuals enhance cognitive function, facilitate memory processing, induce and maintain sleep, stabilize mood, reduce symptoms of stress and anxiety, facilitate energy production, improve mental and emotional health, or support long-term brain health.

Embodiments of a method and supplement for preventing and/or treating gastrointestinal distress, including ulcer conditions, in animals are disclosed. The supplement comprises mastic gum and an emulsifying agent such as lecithin. The supplement may also comprise B vitamins, one or more prebiotics or probiotics, and one or more minerals as well as, pH buffers and flavoring. A disclosed method of preventing and/or treating gastrointestinal distress comprises orally dosing an animal with the supplement at least one daily.

A method for enhancing neurological health and development in a subject involving administering to the subject a nutritional composition including no greater than about 7 g/100 kcal of a fat or lipid source; no greater than about 7 g/100 kcal of a protein or protein equivalent source; at least about 5 g/100 kcal of a carbohydrate; and at least about 9 mg/100 kcal of inositol, wherein the ratio of exogenous inositol to inherent inositol is at least 50:50.

A method for enhancing neurological health and development in a subject involving administering to the subject a nutritional composition including no greater than about 7 g/100 kcal of a fat or lipid source; no greater than about 7 g/100 kcal of a protein or protein equivalent source; at least about 5 g/100 kcal of a carbohydrate; and at least about 9 mg/100 kcal of inositol, wherein the ratio of exogenous inositol to inherent inositol is at least 50:50.

A composition includes a sugar source and inositol. The sugar source is one more sugars select from the group consisting of glucose, sucrose, sucrolose, tagatose, galactose, high fructose corn syrup, fructose, isoglucose, and rhamnose. The composition of sugar and inositol has an unique properties that prevents or limits the signaling of TNF- and associated pro-inflammatory cytokines when metabolized by an individual consuming the composition. Accordingly, the composition can be advantageously used to control blood glucose levels, treat diabetes and related conditions as well as treat diseases based on an inflammatory response.