Gummy dosage forms comprising gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation, methods for providing nutritional supplementation, and kits comprising gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation are disclosed. Such gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation may provide improved patient compliance relative to non-gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation. These gummy compositions can be used to administer one or more vitamins, minerals, or trace elements.

An energy supplement composition, such as a small-volume “shot” drink, comprises ingredients formulated to enhance not only the energy of a consumer but also the focus and mood of the consumer. Therefore, the composition comprises at least one energy-enhancing ingredient (e.g., caffeine, methylliberine), at least one mood-enhancing ingredient (e.g., theanine), and at least one focus-enhancing ingredient (e.g., citicoline and/or alpha-GPC and uridine monophosphate). The composition may be free of “fillers,” such as taurine, choline bitartrate, and glucuronolactone. Related energy supplement drinks and other compositions are also disclosed.

An energy supplement composition, such as a small-volume “shot” drink, comprises ingredients formulated to enhance not only the energy of a consumer but also the focus and mood of the consumer. Therefore, the composition comprises at least one energy-enhancing ingredient (e.g., caffeine, methylliberine), at least one mood-enhancing ingredient (e.g., theanine), and at least one focus-enhancing ingredient (e.g., citicoline and/or alpha-GPC and uridine monophosphate). The composition may be free of “fillers,” such as taurine, choline bitartrate, and glucuronolactone. Related energy supplement drinks and other compositions are also disclosed.

The present specification discloses a composition for external application to skin, containing a tea plant root extract as an active ingredient, for treatment of skin damage caused by fine dust, whereby the expression level of one or more selected from a group consisting of IL-36G (NM_019618), S100A7 (NM_002963), S100A8 (NM_002964) and XDH (NM_000379), which are genes in skin cells the expression level of which is affected by fine dust, is regulated to a normal level.

The present specification discloses a composition for external application to skin, containing a tea plant root extract as an active ingredient, for treatment of skin damage caused by fine dust, whereby the expression level of one or more selected from a group consisting of IL-36G (NM_019618), S100A7 (NM_002963), S100A8 (NM_002964) and XDH (NM_000379), which are genes in skin cells the expression level of which is affected by fine dust, is regulated to a normal level.

A bone regeneration agent for regenerating a deficient or resorbed bone due to an inflammatory bone resorption disease, containing a niacin compound as an active ingredient.

A bone regeneration agent for regenerating a deficient or resorbed bone due to an inflammatory bone resorption disease, containing a niacin compound as an active ingredient.

Provided herein are compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions, nutraceutical compositions, foods, beverages, cosmetic compositions, diet supplements) comprising deuterated caffeine. The provided compositions may be useful for treating and/or preventing various diseases and conditions, such as obesity, causing weight loss, increasing metabolic rate, reducing appetite, increasing energy expenditure, increasing urine output, increasing sodium excretion, reducing edema, a pain disorder, apnea, hypotension, an encephalopathy, a neurological or psychiatric disorder, and an inflammatory disorder.

Gummy dosage forms comprising gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation, methods for providing nutritional supplementation, and kits comprising gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation are disclosed. Such gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation may provide improved patient compliance relative to non-gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation. These gummy compositions can be used to administer one or more vitamins, minerals, or trace elements.

Gummy dosage forms comprising gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation, methods for providing nutritional supplementation, and kits comprising gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation are disclosed. Such gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation may provide improved patient compliance relative to non-gummy compositions for nutritional supplementation. These gummy compositions can be used to administer one or more vitamins, minerals, or trace elements.