It is an object of the present invention to provide methods for producing vitamin D that gives improved yields and reduced side product contamination. In various aspects, these methods provide for production of vitamin-D.sub.2 using ergosterol as provitamin D.sub.2 or a dihydroxy derivative thereof as a starting material, or production of vitamin-D.sub.3 using 7-dehydrocholesterol as provitamin D.sub.3 or a dihydroxy derivative thereof as the starting material. The methods described herein comprise irradiating the starting material in a solution including an organic or inorganic base with light in the wavelength range 245-360 nanometers (nm) to obtain a product containing pre-vitamin-D.sub.2 or pre-vitamin-D.sub.3, and heating the product to convert the resulting pre-vitamin-D.sub.2 or pre-vitamin-D.sub.3 to vitamin D.sub.2 or vitamin D.sub.3. In various embodiments, these methods further comprise recovering vitamin D.sub.2 or vitamin D.sub.3 from this reaction as a purified product.

Embodiments disclosed relate to a nutritional formula having non-fat milk powder, lactose, an oil blend, enriched whey protein concentrate, oligosaccharides, choline, arachidonic acid (ACA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), magnesium oxide, sodium citrate, lactoferrin, inositol, taurine, iron, L-carnitine, zinc, nucleotides, soy lecithin, pantothenic acid, copper, D-biotin, folic acid, lutein, manganese sulfate, iodine, Beta-carotene, and selenium, and to methods of delivering nutrition to a subject.

Embodiments disclosed relate to a nutritional formula having non-fat milk powder, lactose, an oil blend, enriched whey protein concentrate, oligosaccharides, choline, arachidonic acid (ACA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), magnesium oxide, sodium citrate, lactoferrin, inositol, taurine, iron, L-carnitine, zinc, nucleotides, soy lecithin, pantothenic acid, copper, D-biotin, folic acid, lutein, manganese sulfate, iodine, Beta-carotene, and selenium, and to methods of delivering nutrition to a subject.

A micronutrient fortification supplement which may include one or more of the an effective amount of the following: Vitamin A; Vitamin C; Vitamin D3; Vitamin E; Vitamin B1; Vitamin B3; Vitamin B2; Vitamin B6; Vitamin B9; Vitamin B12; Iron; Zinc; Sodium; Potassium; Chloride; Magnesium; Calcium; Phosphorus; Selenium; Iodine; Fluoride; and optionally a flavoring agent, which may be enclosed in the hollow interior of a sachet and which may be in powder form for dispersing over prepared food.

A micronutrient fortification supplement which may include one or more of the an effective amount of the following: Vitamin A; Vitamin C; Vitamin D3; Vitamin E; Vitamin B1; Vitamin B3; Vitamin B2; Vitamin B6; Vitamin B9; Vitamin B12; Iron; Zinc; Sodium; Potassium; Chloride; Magnesium; Calcium; Phosphorus; Selenium; Iodine; Fluoride; and optionally a flavoring agent, which may be enclosed in the hollow interior of a sachet and which may be in powder form for dispersing over prepared food.

Use of one or more vitamin D.sub.3 compounds chosen from the group 1-α-hydroxy vitamin D.sub.3, 25-hydroxy vitamin D.sub.3, 1-α-, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D.sub.3, to improve milk quality and/or to increase milk yield of an animal.

Composition, preferably, in the form of capsules or chewable wafers in quantities suitable for relieving the symptoms of fibromyalgia comprise formulations of phospholipids, specifically identified concentrations of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, glycolipids and phosphatidylserine along with inulin and other desirable active ingredients are described.

Composition, preferably, in the form of capsules or chewable wafers in quantities suitable for relieving the symptoms of fibromyalgia comprise formulations of phospholipids, specifically identified concentrations of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, glycolipids and phosphatidylserine along with inulin and other desirable active ingredients are described.

A multi-part nutritional supplement system supplies nutrients to a user at advantageous locations in the digestive tract. One type of dosage unit is formulated to release vitamin B12 in the stomach and intestines of the upper GI tract, advantageously in an amount that is greater than or at multiple levels of the DV (Daily Value) of vitamin B12.

A multi-part nutritional supplement system supplies nutrients to a user at advantageous locations in the digestive tract. One type of dosage unit is formulated to release vitamin B12 in the stomach and intestines of the upper GI tract, advantageously in an amount that is greater than or at multiple levels of the DV (Daily Value) of vitamin B12.