A heat exchange cell includes a casing, a heat exchanger in which a first heat transfer fluid flows, a feeding zone, and first and second collection chambers for a second heat transfer fluid. The casing can include rear, front, and peripheral side walls. The heat exchanger can be helically-shaped, mounted in the casing, and include at least one tubular duct for the flow of the first heat transfer fluid. The tubular duct can be coiled about a longitudinal axis and define a helix. The feeding zone of the second heat transfer fluid can be defined in the casing coaxially and internally with respect to the helix. The first chamber can be defined externally with respect to the heat exchanger by a radially outer wall thereof and the peripheral side wall. The second chamber can be at least partially delimited by at least one separating element.

A water heater includes a first heater, a second heater, and a controller. The controller can enable different operational modes of the water heater, wherein only the first heater operates, only the second heater operates, or both the first and the second heaters operate. The controller can also be configured to enable a hybrid operational mode and a bypass operational mode. Further, in the different operational modes, the controller can direct water flow to at least one of a first conduit coupled to the first heater, a second conduit coupled to the second heater, and a bypass conduit. The controller can be configured to receive input signals relating to environmental conditions around the water heater and/or an aquatic system in which the water heater is installed.

The present disclosure relates to a boiler for making hot water and room heating water available simultaneously, which is capable of enabling a user to use hot water and room heating simultaneously. According to the present disclosure, a thermal loss of room heating water may be minimized because the room heating water is independently supplied to a room heating pipe and returned regardless of the use of hot water, and the hot water with a high temperature may be consistently supplied because the hot water is independently supplied to a hot water pipe and returned regardless of the use of the room heating water. In addition, the boiler may serve as both a hot-water heat exchanger and a distributor (low loss header).

Disclosed herein are heat exchanger devices comprising an outer shell defining an interior chamber that is configured to pass a heat transfer fluid therethrough, a tube at least partially disposed within the interior chamber and in thermal communication with the heat transfer fluid, the tube being connected to a pool and configured to flow water from the pool therethrough such that the water flowing through the tube exchanges heat with the heat transfer fluid, and a coating disposed on an interior surface of the tube contacting the water from the pool, the coating comprising Nickel. The coating can comprise an additive, such as an electroless Nickel coating. The coating can also be selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Boron Nitride (BN), Silicon Carbide (SiC), aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2O.sub.3), carbon (C), and carbon allotropes.

A water heater includes a heat exchanger, a heat pump, a first valve in fluid communication with the heat exchanger and the heat pump, and a controller configured to control the first valve. The first valve can be configured to direct water flow toward at least one of the gas heater or the electric heat pump. A second valve in fluid communication with the first valve and the heat pump can be provided, and the controller can be further configured to control the second valve. A water heater inlet and a water heater outlet can be included and in fluid communication with the first valve, and the controller can be configured to monitor a temperature of water entering the water heater inlet and control the first valve dependent upon the monitored temperature.

A coolant heating apparatus for an electric vehicle includes a sheath heater formed in a coil form at a center side of the coolant heating apparatus; one or more inner tubes, one of which has an inlet formed at one side thereof for introduction of coolant, the one or more inner tubes being arranged to surround the sheath heater or to be surrounded by the sheath heater, and the one or more inner tubes having a plurality of through-holes formed on respective outer peripheral surfaces thereof so that the coolant introduced into the inlet is discharged through the through-holes; and an outer tube surrounding the sheath heater and the one or more inner tubes and having an outlet formed at one side thereof so that the coolant heated by the sheath heater is introduced through the through-holes of the one or more inner tubes and is discharged through the outlet.

A heat exchange cell includes a casing, a heat exchanger in which a first heat transfer fluid flows, a feeding zone, and first and second collection chambers for a second heat transfer fluid. The casing can include rear, front, and peripheral side walls. The heat exchanger can be helically-shaped, mounted in the casing, and include at least one tubular duct for the flow of the first heat transfer fluid. The tubular duct can be coiled about a longitudinal axis and define a helix. The feeding zone of the second heat transfer fluid can be defined in the casing coaxially and internally with respect to the helix. The first chamber can be defined externally with respect to the heat exchanger by a radially outer wall thereof and the peripheral side wall. The second chamber can be at least partially delimited by at least one separating element.

The notched base ring comprises a base ring sheet body including a top portion, a bottom portion, a first end connecting the top portion to the bottom portion, and a second end connecting the bottom portion to the top portion. The top portion includes a plurality of attachment lugs and defines a plurality of notches, each notch being at least partially defined by two lugs disposed on opposite sides of the notch, the top portion also including an angled top edge that is disposed at each of the attachment lugs, and the bottom portion includes a bottom support edge.

A heat exchange cell is described comprising a containment casing comprising a rear wall, a front wall and a peripheral side wall, a helically-shaped heat exchanger comprising at least one tubular duct for the flow of a first heat transfer fluid coiled about a longitudinal axis of the helix according to a plurality of coils and mounted in the containment casing; a feeding zone of a second heat transfer fluid, intended for the heat exchange with the first heat transfer fluid, defined in the casing coaxially and internally with respect to the heat exchanger; a first chamber for collecting the second heat transfer fluid externally defined with respect to the heat exchanger between a radially outer wall thereof and the peripheral side wall of the containment casing; and a second chamber for collecting the second heat transfer fluid at least partially delimited by at least one separating element.

The combustion chamber subassembly comprises a top bell member defining an interior combustion chamber and an exterior, the top bell member including a top diffuser wall, a first side wall extending from the top diffuser wall toward the interior combustion chamber of the top bell member, a second side wall extending from the first side wall toward the exterior of the top bell member, and a gasket that is attached to the top bell member, contacting the first side wall and the second sidewall.