A hydrogen liquefaction apparatus according to the present disclosure comprises a compressor located on a hydrogen flow path to perform the first isothermal process; a precooler, a heat exchanger, and a first cryocooler which are connected to the compressor on the hydrogen flow path in this order to perform the first isobaric process; a Joule-Thomson valve connected to the first cryocooler on the hydrogen flow path to perform the isenthalpic process; a storage tank connected to the Joule-Thomson valve on the hydrogen flow path to perform the second isothermal process; and second cryocoolers which are connected to the storage tank on the hydrogen flow path to perform the third isobaric process between the isenthalpic process and the second isothermal process.

An equipment for manufacturing liquid hydrogen according to the present disclosure, which is configured to perform the first isothermal process, the first isobaric process, the isenthalpic process, the second isothermal process, and the second isobaric process in the diagram of temperature T and enthalphy S for liquefying gaseous hydrogen, comprises: a compressor located on a hydrogen flow path to perform the first isothermal process; a precooler and a heat exchanger which are connected to the compressor, on the hydrogen flow path, in this order to perform the first isobaric process; a Joule-Thomson valve connected to the heat exchanger, on the hydrogen flow path, to perform the isenthalpic process; a first cryocooler and second cryocoolers connected to the Joule-Thomson valve sequentially, on the hydrogen flow path, to perform the third isobaric process between the isenthalpic process and the second isothermal process; and a storage tank which is connected to the first cryocooler and the second cryocoolers to perform the second isothermal process on the hydrogen flow path.

A method and apparatus for producing liquefied natural gas (LNG) from a natural gas stream. Heavy hydrocarbons are removed from the natural gas stream in a separator to generate a bottom stream and a separated natural gas stream, which is used as a coolant in a heat exchanger to generate a pretreated natural gas stream. The pretreated natural gas stream is compressed and cooled to form a chilled pretreated natural gas stream, part of which forms a recycle stream to exchange heat with the separated natural gas stream in the heat exchanger, thereby generating a cooled recycle stream. The temperature and pressure of the cooled recycle stream are reduced. The cooled recycle stream is then separated into an overhead stream and a reflux stream, which is directed to the separator. The chilled pretreated gas stream is liquefied to form LNG.

A method and apparatus for producing liquefied natural gas. A portion of a natural gas stream is cooled in a heat exchanger and combined with the natural gas stream. Heavy hydrocarbons are removed from the combined natural gas stream, and the resulting separated natural gas stream is partially condensed in the first heat exchanger, with a liquid stream separated therefrom. The natural gas stream is warmed in the first heat exchanger and then is compressed and cooled. The resultant cooled compressed natural gas stream is expanded, thereby forming a chilled natural gas stream that is separated into a refrigerant stream and a non-refrigerant stream. The refrigerant stream recycled to the heat exchanger to be warmed through heat exchange with one or more process streams associated with pretreating the natural gas stream, thereby generating a warmed refrigerant stream. The warmed refrigerant stream and the non-refrigerant stream are liquefied.

A method and apparatus for producing liquefied natural gas. A portion of a natural gas stream is cooled in a first heat exchanger and re-combined with the natural gas stream, and heavy hydrocarbons are removed therefrom to generate a separated natural gas stream and a separator bottom stream. Liquids are separated from the separator bottom stream to form an overhead stream, which is cooled and separated to form a recycle gas stream. The recycle gas stream is compressed. A first portion of the compressed recycle gas stream is directed through the first heat exchanger and directed to the separator as a column reflux stream. The separated to natural gas stream is used as a coolant in the first heat exchanger to thereby generate a pretreated natural gas stream, which is compressed and liquefied.

A liquefier device which may be a retrofit to an air separation plant or utilized as part of a new design. The flow needed for the liquefier comes from an air separation plant running in a maxim oxygen state, in a stable mode. The three gas flows are low pressure oxygen, low pressure nitrogen, and higher pressure nitrogen. All of the flows are found on the side of the main heat exchanger with a temperature of about 37 degrees Fahrenheit. All of the gasses put into the liquefier come out as a subcooled liquid, for storage or return to the air separation plant. This new liquefier does not include a front end electrical compressor, and will take a self produced liquid nitrogen, pump it up to a runnable 420 psig pressure, and with the use of turbines, condensers, flash pots, and multi pass heat exchangers. The liquefier will make liquid from a planned amount of any pure gas oxygen or nitrogen an air separation plant can produce.

There is provided a system and method for producing liquefied natural gas (LNG). An exemplary method includes flowing a high-pressure stream of LNG through a first series of liquid turbines. The exemplary method also includes generating electricity by reducing the pressure of the high-pressure stream of LNG to form a low-pressure stream of LNG. The exemplary method additionally includes bypassing any one the liquid turbines that has a failure while continuing to produce electricity from the first series.

Installation and method for storing and dispensing liquefied hydrogen involving a source of gaseous hydrogen, a liquefier, and two storage reservoirs for liquid hydrogen at determined respective storage pressures, wherein the liquefier includes an inlet connected to the source and an outlet connected in parallel, via a set of valves, to a respective inlet of each storage reservoir.

There is provided a system and method for producing liquefied natural gas (LNG). An exemplary method includes flowing a high-pressure stream of LNG through a first series of liquid turbines. The exemplary method also includes generating electricity by reducing the pressure of the high-pressure stream of LNG to form a low-pressure stream of LNG. The exemplary method additionally includes bypassing any one the liquid turbines that has a failure while continuing to produce electricity from the first series.

Disclosed is a small-scale hydrogen liquefaction system using cryocoolers. The system includes: a gas supply line to supply a gaseous hydrogen; n cryocoolers each connected to the gas supply line to be connected in parallel and configured such that the gaseous hydrogen supplied from the gas supply line is divided into n portions, and the n portions flow through the n cryocoolers, respectively, and are cooled to a liquefaction temperature, wherein n is a natural number equal to or greater than 2; n heat exchangers each attached to a cold head of each of the n cryocoolers; and a low-temperature chamber providing an accommodation space to accommodate the n cryocoolers therein.