An air separation unit and associated method for separating air by cryogenic distillation using a distillation column system including a higher pressure column, a lower pressure column, an intermediate pressure kettle column, and an argon column arrangement is provided. The present air separation unit and associated method employs a once-through kettle column reboiler, a once-through kettle column condenser, and a once-through argon condenser. The once through argon condenser is disposed within the lower pressure column where an argon-rich vapor stream is condensed against the descending liquid in the lower pressure column.

A method for providing a nitrogen product, an oxygen product and a hydrogen product, wherein an air separation installation is used which is designed for the low-temperature separation of feed air and which has a rectification column system, the rectification column system comprising an air-fed rectification column and a main heat exchanger. The provision of the nitrogen product comprises, in particular, subjecting feed air to low-temperature rectification using the air-fed rectification column such that a tops gas is obtained, and using part of the tops gas as the nitrogen product. The provision of the oxygen product and the hydrogen product comprises subjecting water to water electrolysis in an electrolyzer, such that a water-containing oxygen stream and a hydrogen stream are obtained, the water-containing oxygen stream or part thereof being subjected, at least in one operating phase, to drying and, in an unmixed state, to liquefaction in the air separation installation.

Described herein is a process for low-temperature separation of air, in which an air separation plant having a first rectification column and a second rectification column is used, the first rectification column being supplied with cooled compressed air and the second rectification column being supplied with liquid from the first rectification column or liquid formed herefrom. In a first condenser-evaporator, head gas from the first rectification column is condensed and liquid from the second rectification column, or liquid formed herefrom, is evaporated, thereby producing a first evaporation product.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that can be used in an air separation unit including a low-pressure column, a high-pressure column, and a mixing column, and that can suppress increases in equipment costs. The present invention provides a heat exchanger used in an air separation unit (1100) including a low-pressure column (600), a high-pressure column (500), and a mixing column (400), wherein the heat exchanger is composed of plates and fins, and wherein a warm gas which is at least a part (at least one of W1, W2, W3) of a feed air and at least one warm liquid (at least one of W4 and W5) which is led out from the mixing column (400) are cooled by at least one cold gas (at least one of C2 and C3) which is led out from the low-pressure column (600) and a cold gas (C1) which is led out from the mixing column (400), and a cold liquid (C6) which is led out from the low-pressure column (600) through a pressure boosting pump (800) and supplied to the mixing column (400) is heated.