A drive clutch including a primary post, a fixed sheave, a movable sheave, an activation assembly is provided. The fixed sheave is statically coupled to the primary post. The movable sheave is slidably mounted on the primary post. The activation assembly is in operational communication with the movable sheave to move the movable sheave on the primary post away from and towards the fixed sheave based on a centrifugal force experienced by the drive clutch. The activation assembly includes a spider, at least one trunnion slidably mounted on a spider arm and a main activation biasing member. The at least one trunnion has opposable extending trunnion arms. A roller is rotationally mounted on each trunnion arm. Each roller is positioned to engage a ramp profile associated with a sheave post extending from the movable sheave. The main activation biasing member is positioned to assert a biasing force on the spider.

Regular torque split planetary gear trains for automotive hybrid powertrains are limited by the fixed ratio of the planetary gear train. A powertrain incorporating a continuously variable transmission using a torque split with variable ratios enables the powertrain to use the ideal operating lines (IOL) of the engine, electric motor-generator along with the high voltage battery charge/discharge paths, depending upon the mode of operation (charge sustain or charge deplete modes) of the hybrid powertrain. A powertrain further equipped with a hybrid supervisory controller that chooses the torque split and path of highest efficiency from engine to wheel, optionally operate at the best potential overall efficiency point in any mode and also provide torque variability, thereby leading to the best combination of powertrain performance and fuel efficiency. Embodiments of powertrain configurations that optionally improve the efficiency of hybrid vehicles are discussed herein.

An agricultural system includes a baler with a plunger and a sensor for sensing a plunger-related value; a vehicle including a power source operable to convey power to the plunger; and a CVT arranged to drive the plunger. In order to balance a fluctuating load of the plunger over the working cycle, an electronic control unit (ECU) is coupled to the sensor and to the CVT and is configured to receive the signal from the sensor and to cause the CVT to modify a gear ratio of the CVT based on the signal from the sensor and on a mathematical model defining a CVT gear ratio variation profile derived from an expected load applied by crop on the plunger over its operating cycle.

A vehicle includes a continuously variable transmission, a gear mechanism and a controller. The continuously variable transmission and the gear mechanism are provided in parallel with each other between an input shaft and an output shaft. The controller is configured to i) when the vehicle travels in a state where both a first clutch and a third clutch provided on the gear mechanism side are released, gradually increase a hydraulic pressure of the first clutch such that the first clutch is engaged, ii) calculate a command hydraulic pressure for setting the first clutch to a pressure regulating state on the basis of a command hydraulic pressure of the first clutch at a timing at which the amount of change in an output-side rotation speed of the first clutch becomes larger than a predetermined value, and iii) control the first clutch by using the calculated command hydraulic pressure.

A hydraulic control device that includes a second solenoid valve that is capable of supplying a resisting pressure that maintains the switching valve in the non-reverse state against the reverse range pressure, wherein the switching valve is maintained in the non-reverse state by supplying the resisting pressure from the second solenoid valve while a travel range is switched to at least a reverse range during forward travel.

An automatic transmission includes: an input shaft disposed on a first axis and drivably coupled to a drive source; a transfer mechanism provided between the first axis and a second axis and that transfers rotation around the first axis to the second axis; a continuously variable speed change mechanism that is capable of continuously changing a speed ratio and has a primary pulley disposed on the second axis, a secondary pulley disposed on a third axis, a belt wound around the two pulleys; and an output shaft disposed on a fourth axis and that outputs rotation at a changed speed. The centers of the second axis and third axis are disposed on one side and the other side, respectively, of a first line that connects between the centers of the first axis and fourth axis and serves as a boundary as viewed in an axial direction.

A powertrain for a snowmobile includes an engine, a gearbox input shaft receiving rotational energy from the engine and a reversible belt drive assembly coupled to the gearbox input shaft. The reversible belt drive assembly is switchable between a forward mode and a reverse mode and includes a pulley, a planetary gear system coaxial with the pulley and a selector collar assembly interposed between the pulley and the planetary gear system translatable between a first position to form a forward geartrain bypassing the planetary gear system in the forward mode and a second position to form a reverse geartrain including the planetary gear system in the reverse mode.

A continuously variable transmission, a vehicular powertrain that includes a continuously variable transmission and a method of limiting belt slippage in a continuously variable transmission in a vehicle. The continuously variable transmission includes a pulley assembly, shafts, a clutch and hydraulic system. The hydraulic system is cooperative with both the clutch and the pulley assembly so that hydraulic pressures and associated clamping forces sent to both allow the clutch to preferentially absorb any driving load coming from the axle and wheels that is in excess of the normal load experienced at the continuously variable transmission. This in turn means that any additional load that would ordinarily cause slippage in the belt is instead experienced by the clutch. By providing such a clutch, the pump of the hydraulic system does not need to be oversized in order to provide excess clamping force, as any excess load experienced by the shaft that is coupled to the wheels of the vehicle will be taken up by slippage in the clutch so that slippage-related wear to the belt is avoided.

In a region in which a rate of change in slip ratio of a transmission belt with respect to a change in input torque exceeds a permissible slip ratio rate of change set in advance, a steep change in the slip ratio is suppressed by limiting the rate of change in the input torque.

When a line pressure is dominated (determined) by at least one of a primary pressure and a secondary pressure during idling of a continuously variable transmission, the hydraulic pressure that is applied to at least one of pulleys, to which the hydraulic pressure larger than a clutch pressure is applied, is reduced. On the other hand, when the line pressure is dominated by the clutch pressure during idling of the continuously variable transmission, the speed gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission is controlled to a lowest speed gear ratio.