A heat exchanger system includes a core-in-shell heat exchanger and a liquid/gas separator. The liquid/gas separator is configured to receive a liquid/gas mixture and to separate the gas from the liquid. The liquid/gas separator is connected to the core-in-shell heat exchanger via a first line for transmitting gas from the liquid/gas separator to a first region in the core-in-shell heat exchanger and connected to the core-in-shell heat exchanger via a second line for transmitting liquid from the liquid/gas separator to a second region of the core-in-shell heat exchanger.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to at-shore liquefaction of natural gas. One exemplary aspect includes an apparatus comprising: (i) an air-cooled electric refrigeration module (AER Module) configured to input electricity and preprocessed feed gas from a source, convert the preprocessed feed gas into a liquefied natural gas (LNG), and output the LNG; and (ii) a plurality of LNG storage tanks configured to input the LNG from the AER Module and output the LNG to an LNG transport vessel. According to this aspect, the AER Module may be on an upper deck of a water-based apparatus, and the plurality of LNG tanks may be in a hull of the apparatus. Numerous additional exemplary aspects of the apparatus and related kits, methods, and systems are disclosed.

A core-in-shell heat exchanger, a method of fabricating the core-in-shell heat exchanger, and a method of exchanging heat in a core-in-shell heat exchanger disposed on a slosh-inducing moving platform are described. The method of exchanging heat includes introducing a shell-side fluid into a shell of the core-in-shell heat exchanger and introducing a fluid to be cooled into each of one or more cores of the core-in-shell heat exchanger, the one or more cores being arranged along an axial length of the shell with a plurality of baffles disposed on either side of the one or more cores along the axial length of the shell to reduce slosh of the shell-side fluid. The method also includes draining excess shell-side fluid using a plurality of drains, at least two of the plurality of drains being disposed on opposite sides of one of the plurality of baffles.

The device (400) for liquefying a natural gas comprises: a compressor (105) of a first vaporized coolant chemical mixture, a means (110) for fractionating the compressed mixture into a heavy fraction and a light fraction, a first body (115) for exchanging heat between the heavy fraction of the first mixture and the natural gas to cool at least the natural gas, a second body (120) for exchanging heat between the light fraction of the first mixture and the natural gas cooled in the first exchange body to liquefy the natural gas, a conduit (125) for returning the first vaporized coolant mixture in the heat exchange bodies to the compressor, a regulator (405) for the liquefied natural gas, a collector (410) for the evaporation gas produced during the expansion of the gas in the regulator, a conduit (415) for injecting the evaporation gas at the inlet of the second exchange body, upstream of an inlet (116) for the natural gas in the first exchange body (115), a third body (420) for exchanging heat between the natural gas and a second chemical coolant compound, a means (425) for compressing the second vaporized compound, a means (430) for cooling the second compressed compound and a conduit (435) for transferring the second cooled compound towards the third exchange body.

A process for liquefying a natural gas comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons predominating in methane, the process comprising a first semi-open refrigerant cycle with natural gas in which any natural gas liquids that have condensed are separated from the natural gas feed stream, which stream then passes through a main cryogenic heat exchanger (4) in order to contribute by heat exchange to pre-cooling a main natural gas stream (F-P) and to cooling an initial refrigerant gas stream (G-0), a second semi-open refrigerant cycle with natural gas for contributing to pre-cooling the natural gas and the refrigerant and also to liquefying the natural gas, and a closed refrigerant cycle with refrigerant gas for subcooling the liquefied natural gas and for delivering refrigeration power in addition to the other two cycles. The invention also provides a natural gas liquefaction installation for performing such a process.

The device (100) for liquefying a natural gas comprises: a compressor (105) for a first vaporized coolant chemical mixture, a means (110) for fractionating the compressed mixture into a heavy fraction and a light fraction, a first heat exchange body (115) for heat exchange between the heavy fraction of the first mixture and the natural gas in order to cool at least the natural gas, a second heat exchange body (120) for heat exchange between the light fraction of the first mixture and the cooled natural gas in the first exchange body in order to liquefy the natural gas, and a return pipe (125) for return of the first vaporized coolant mixture in the heat exchange body to the compressor (105), upstream from an inlet (116) for the natural gas in the first exchange body (115) or downstream from an outlet (121) of liquefied natural gas from the second exchange body (120), a third heat exchange body (130, 135) for heat exchange between the natural gas and a second coolant chemical compound, and a means (140, 145) for compressing the second vaporized compound.

A method for producing liquefied natural gas (LNG) from a natural gas stream having a nitrogen concentration of greater than 1 mol %. At least one liquid nitrogen (LIN) stream is received at an LNG liquefaction facility. The LIN streams may be produced at a different geographic location from the LNG liquefaction facility. A natural gas stream is liquefied by indirect heat exchange with a nitrogen vent stream to form a pressurized LNG stream. The pressurized LNG stream has a nitrogen concentration of greater than 1 mol %. The pressurized LNG stream is directed to one or more stages of a column to produce an LNG stream and the nitrogen vent stream. The column has upper stages and lower stages. The LIN streams are directed to one or more upper stages of the column.

A marine vessel and method for carbon capture and sequestration are described. The marine vessel includes a buoyant hull, a cryogenic storage tank within the hull, and a gaseous carbon dioxide loading manifold. The marine vessel also includes a carbon dioxide liquefaction system in fluid communication with the cryogenic storage tank downstream of the carbon dioxide liquefaction system and with the gaseous carbon dioxide loading manifold upstream of the carbon dioxide liquefaction system. Finally, the marine vessel includes a carbon dioxide supercritical system in fluid communication with the cryogenic storage tank. In operation, the marine vessel moves between multiple locations, where gaseous carbon dioxide is onboarded, liquified and stored. Thereafter, the marine vessel transports the liquified carbon dioxide to a location adjacent an offshore geological reservoir. The liquefied carbon dioxide is then pressurized to produce supercritical carbon dioxide, which is then injected directly into the reservoir from the marine vessel.

An apparatus for reliquefaction of boil-off gas for a vessel, comprises: a compression unit for compressing the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank; and a heat exchanger for heat-exchanging the compressed boil-off gas compressed by the compression unit with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank; a first expansion means for dividing the boil-off gas passing through the heat exchanger into at least two flows including a first flow and a second flow, and expanding the divided first flow; a first intercooler for cooling the second flow remaining after the division of the first flow by using the first flow expanded by the expansion means as a refrigerant; and a receiver for receiving a second flow having passed through the first intercooler, in which a downstream pressure of the compression unit is controlled by a flow discharged from the receiver.

A core-in-shell heat exchanger, a method of fabricating the core-in-shell heat exchanger, and a method of exchanging heat in a core-in-shell heat exchanger disposed on a slosh-inducing moving platform are described. The method of exchanging heat includes introducing a shell-side fluid into a shell of the core-in-shell heat exchanger and introducing a fluid to be cooled into each of one or more cores of the core-in-shell heat exchanger, the one or more cores being arranged along an axial length of the shell with a plurality of baffles disposed on either side of the one or more cores along the axial length of the shell to reduce slosh of the shell-side fluid. The method also includes draining excess shell-side fluid using a plurality of drains, at least two of the plurality of drains being disposed on opposite sides of one of the plurality of baffles.