A method for calculating a magnetic influence factor (MIF) between an atom and a resonant atom of a molecule of a material includes determining a current magnetic field strength at a test location above a quantity of material buried at the test location, transmitting a test signal from an antenna at the test location, the test signal comprising a test fundamental frequency, and detecting, at the test location, a reflected wave comprising the test fundamental frequency on the antenna. The method includes varying the test fundamental frequency while retransmitting the test signal and detecting a reflected wave until reflected waves of various test frequencies are detected and identifying from the detected reflected waves a resonant frequency corresponding to a maximum magnitude of the detected reflected waves. The material includes molecules with a resonant atom and at least one atom different than the resonant atom.

A method for calculating a magnetic influence factor (MIF) between an atom and a resonant atom of a molecule of a material includes determining a current magnetic field strength at a test location above a quantity of material buried at the test location, transmitting a test signal from an antenna at the test location, the test signal comprising a test fundamental frequency, and detecting, at the test location, a reflected wave comprising the test fundamental frequency on the antenna. The method includes varying the test fundamental frequency while retransmitting the test signal and detecting a reflected wave until reflected waves of various test frequencies are detected and identifying from the detected reflected waves a resonant frequency corresponding to a maximum magnitude of the detected reflected waves. The material includes molecules with a resonant atom and at least one atom different than the resonant atom.

Systems for locating hidden utilities including a portable locator and associated portable transmitter are disclosed. The portable locator may include a magnetic field measurement module for determining a current signal in the hidden utility based on a received magnetic field, and a receiver module for receiving data from the portable transmitter. The portable transmitter may include a data transmitter module for wirelessly sending information associated with a current signal provided to the hidden utility to the portable receiver module. The portable receiver may be configured to measure a relative change in magnetic field angles, and determine an amount of cross coupling to adjacent utilities based at least in part on the measured magnetic field angles.

Systems for locating hidden utilities including a portable locator and associated portable transmitter are disclosed. The portable locator may include a magnetic field measurement module for determining a current signal in the hidden utility based on a received magnetic field, and a receiver module for receiving data from the portable transmitter. The portable transmitter may include a data transmitter module for wirelessly sending information associated with a current signal provided to the hidden utility to the portable receiver module. The portable receiver may be configured to measure a relative change in magnetic field angles, and determine an amount of cross coupling to adjacent utilities based at least in part on the measured magnetic field angles.

A ground attachment system (1) for a tire characteristics detection unit (15).sub.7 comprises an attachment plate (2) comprising a plurality of recesses (3) distributed over the surface of the attachment plate, a plurality of frustoconical clamping rings (4), and a plurality of cylindrical guide tunnels (5) arranged in the detection unit (15), the clamping rings (4) and the guide tunnels (5) each comprising a complementary conical portion (6, 7) converging towards the attachment plate (2) when the ring (4) is in the clamping position in a tunnel (5).

A ground attachment system (1) for a tire characteristics detection unit (15).sub.7 comprises an attachment plate (2) comprising a plurality of recesses (3) distributed over the surface of the attachment plate, a plurality of frustoconical clamping rings (4), and a plurality of cylindrical guide tunnels (5) arranged in the detection unit (15), the clamping rings (4) and the guide tunnels (5) each comprising a complementary conical portion (6, 7) converging towards the attachment plate (2) when the ring (4) is in the clamping position in a tunnel (5).

A tire tread detection apparatus and tire pressure detector setting apparatus with tire tread detection function are provided. The tire tread detection apparatus includes a body casing, a driving unit, a measuring member, a position member, and a sense member. The driving unit, the measuring member, and the positioning member are connected. The driving unit is applied for driving the measuring member to protrude outward from the body casing for measuring the tire tread depth of the tire. The sense member generates a measurement signal corresponding to the positioning member, such that the measurement signal indicates a tire tread depth value. Therefore, the tire tread depth is efficiently and accurately acquired.

A tire tread detection apparatus and tire pressure detector setting apparatus with tire tread detection function are provided. The tire tread detection apparatus includes a body casing, a driving unit, a measuring member, a position member, and a sense member. The driving unit, the measuring member, and the positioning member are connected. The driving unit is applied for driving the measuring member to protrude outward from the body casing for measuring the tire tread depth of the tire. The sense member generates a measurement signal corresponding to the positioning member, such that the measurement signal indicates a tire tread depth value. Therefore, the tire tread depth is efficiently and accurately acquired.

A magnetic tag sensor includes a cylinder and threaded pipe embedded therein and simulates a magnetic dipole; two threaded pipe wiring interfaces being connected to first and second cables, running through a cylinder upper cross-section outer wall and extending out of the cylinder; the cylinder is sleeved on a guide rail and at a junction between a riverbed and water; an guide rail end inserts into the riverbed, a water sealing box is mounted on a top of the guide rail, a power supply module, a relay and a load arranged inside the water sealing box, the first cable connected to a positive pole of the power supply module, and the second cable connected to a negative pole through the relay and load connected in series; and the threaded pipe in the wall of the cylinder moves up and down with the riverbed to generate a magnetic field signal.

A magnetic tag sensor includes a cylinder and threaded pipe embedded therein and simulates a magnetic dipole; two threaded pipe wiring interfaces being connected to first and second cables, running through a cylinder upper cross-section outer wall and extending out of the cylinder; the cylinder is sleeved on a guide rail and at a junction between a riverbed and water; an guide rail end inserts into the riverbed, a water sealing box is mounted on a top of the guide rail, a power supply module, a relay and a load arranged inside the water sealing box, the first cable connected to a positive pole of the power supply module, and the second cable connected to a negative pole through the relay and load connected in series; and the threaded pipe in the wall of the cylinder moves up and down with the riverbed to generate a magnetic field signal.