A method for design in indenter apparatus for plastically straining a workpiece including a weld nugget, adjacent heat affected zones, and the adjacent parent-metal portions or new metal portions, throughout the weld nugget volume and heat affected zone, to produce threshold levels of uniform plastic strain which meet or exceed plastic strain levels that provide, when the weld nugget and heat affected zone is heat treated, a recrystallized grain structure metallurgically comparable to the grain structure of the parent-metal. The indenter provided by the optimization methods may be used to advantageously in a method for the repair of damaged rotors, including integrally bladed rotors, in gas turbine engines, such as in aircraft engines. Blades for gas turbine engines, including integrally bladed rotors, may be advantageously provided constructed by the methods taught.

A method for design in indenter apparatus for plastically straining a workpiece including a weld nugget, adjacent heat affected zones, and the adjacent parent-metal portions or new metal portions, throughout the weld nugget volume and heat affected zone, to produce threshold levels of uniform plastic strain which meet or exceed plastic strain levels that provide, when the weld nugget and heat affected zone is heat treated, a recrystallized grain structure metallurgically comparable to the grain structure of the parent-metal. The indenter provided by the optimization methods may be used to advantageously in a method for the repair of damaged rotors, including integrally bladed rotors, in gas turbine engines, such as in aircraft engines. Blades for gas turbine engines, including integrally bladed rotors, may be advantageously provided constructed by the methods taught.

Systems for locating buried or hidden utilities including a portable locator and associated portable transmitter are disclosed. The portable locator may include a magnetic field measurement module for determining a current signal in the buried utility based on a received magnetic field, and a receiver module for receiving data from the portable transmitter. The portable transmitter may include a data transmitter module for sending information associated with a current signal provided to the buried utility to the portable receiver module.

Systems for locating buried or hidden utilities including a portable locator and associated portable transmitter are disclosed. The portable locator may include a magnetic field measurement module for determining a current signal in the buried utility based on a received magnetic field, and a receiver module for receiving data from the portable transmitter. The portable transmitter may include a data transmitter module for sending information associated with a current signal provided to the buried utility to the portable receiver module.

A defect of a magnetic member is quantitatively measured. An inspection probe (100) includes a plurality of magnets (2) which are provided along an outer circumference of a yoke in a circumferential direction and a plurality of Hall elements (3) which are provided on a plurality of magnetic circuits formed by the plurality of magnets (2) and a magnetic pipe (P) and which are arranged side by side with the plurality of magnets in an axial direction of the yoke to detect a density of a magnetic flux flowing through the plurality of magnetic circuits. With use of the inspection probe (100), an output from the plurality of Hall elements (3) is measured. Based on the output from the plurality of Hall elements (3), the presence/absence of the defect and a depth of the defect are calculated.

A defect of a magnetic member is quantitatively measured. An inspection probe (100) includes a plurality of magnets (2) which are provided along an outer circumference of a yoke in a circumferential direction and a plurality of Hall elements (3) which are provided on a plurality of magnetic circuits formed by the plurality of magnets (2) and a magnetic pipe (P) and which are arranged side by side with the plurality of magnets in an axial direction of the yoke to detect a density of a magnetic flux flowing through the plurality of magnetic circuits. With use of the inspection probe (100), an output from the plurality of Hall elements (3) is measured. Based on the output from the plurality of Hall elements (3), the presence/absence of the defect and a depth of the defect are calculated.

An agricultural implement system having: a row unit coupled to a tool bar of an agricultural implement; an opener system coupled to the row unit and configured to engage soil to form a trench; a soil condition sensor; a closing system, configured to close the trench created by the opener system, the closing system comprises: a first disk configured to engage the soil and close the trench; a second disk configured to engage the soil and close the trench; and a controller configured to couple to the soil condition sensor and control a position or orientation of the first disk or the second disk in response to feedback from the soil condition sensor.

An agricultural implement system having: a row unit coupled to a tool bar of an agricultural implement; an opener system coupled to the row unit and configured to engage soil to form a trench; a soil condition sensor; a closing system, configured to close the trench created by the opener system, the closing system comprises: a first disk configured to engage the soil and close the trench; a second disk configured to engage the soil and close the trench; and a controller configured to couple to the soil condition sensor and control a position or orientation of the first disk or the second disk in response to feedback from the soil condition sensor.

Magnetic locators and uses of such locators for detection of buried utilities are disclosed. Outputs provided from two or more three three-axis magnetic sensors based on magnetic field signals sensed at single points in space in three axes may be used to determine information about the buried utilities including position and/or depth of the buried utilities relative to the locator.

Magnetic locators and uses of such locators for detection of buried utilities are disclosed. Outputs provided from two or more three three-axis magnetic sensors based on magnetic field signals sensed at single points in space in three axes may be used to determine information about the buried utilities including position and/or depth of the buried utilities relative to the locator.