Optoelectronic modules operable to measure proximity independent of object surface reflectivity and, in some implementations, operable to measure characteristics (such as surface reflectivity or absorptivity) of stationary or moving objects are disclosed. The optoelectronic modules are operable to determine, for example, pulse rate, peripheral blood circulation, and/or blood oxygen levels of moving objects, such as the appendage of a user, in some instances. The optoelectronic modules can be used to measure peripheral blood circulation, for example, when a user of the optoelectronic module is engaged in physical activity, such as walking, running or cycling.

An auto clean machine comprising: a height computing device; and an obstacle determining device. The height computing device is turned on to compute a height or an overhang height of an obstacle when the obstacle determining device determines the obstacle exists in a predetermined region of the auto clean machine. The height computing device does not compute the height and the overhang height when the obstacle determining device does not determine the obstacle exists in the predetermined region.

An auto clean machine comprising: a height computing device; and an obstacle determining device. The height computing device is turned on to compute a height or an overhang height of an obstacle when the obstacle determining device determines the obstacle exists in a predetermined region of the auto clean machine. The height computing device does not compute the height and the overhang height when the obstacle determining device does not determine the obstacle exists in the predetermined region.

The present invention relates to a measuring device (10) and a method for determining a depth of field of an optical structure (100). In this case, the measuring device comprises a device body (12) with a measuring axis (14), the device body (12) being formed such that, in a measuring position, it can be placed in a stationary manner on a deposit plane of the optical structure such that the measuring axis (14) of the device body (12) coincides with an optical axis of the optical structure, wherein the device body (12) has a measurement scale (18) arranged along a scale line (16) such that the scale line (16) encloses with the direction of the measuring axis (14) a scale angle φ greater than 0° and less than 90° and the measurement scale (18) can be optically detected in the measuring position of the device body (12) by the optical structure (100) for determining the depth of field.

Presented herein is a method of using a manually-operated light plane generating module to make accurate measurements of the dimensions of an object seen in an image taken by an endoscopic camera. The method comprises: providing the light plane generating module with distinctive features, introducing the light plane generating module until the distinctive features are visible in the image, aligning the light plane across the object, and providing a processor device and software configured to analyze the camera images. Also described are diagnostic or therapeutic endoscopic tools that comprise an attached light plane generating module to provide the tool with integrated light plane measurement capabilities, wherein the tool is configured to be used in the described method.

An optical safety sensor is inexpensively implemented. An optical safety sensor includes: a plurality of light projectors/receivers (a first light projector/receiver and a second light projector/receiver), which includes light projecting portions and light receiving portions; distance measurement portions, which measure distances using the time from light projecting to light receiving; and detection portions, which detect, based on measurement results, an abnormality occurring in any one of the plurality of light projectors/receivers; each of the light receiving portion provided in the plurality of light projectors/receivers receives reflected light caused by the light projected from the light projecting portions of all the plurality of light projectors/receivers.

An information processing system includes an irradiation unit configured to irradiate a deposited material with electromagnetic waves, a detection unit configured to detect scattered waves or transmitted waves of the electromagnetic waves with which the deposited material has been irradiated by the irradiation unit, and a determination unit configured to determine a state of the deposited material from an image based on the scattered waves or the transmitted waves detected by the detection unit.

Provided are a measurement support device, an endoscope system, a processor for an endoscope system, and a measurement support method capable of easily and highly accurately measuring the size of a subject. In the measurement support device related to one aspect of the invention, the position of a spot by measurement auxiliary light is measured, and information indicating the actual size of a subject is acquired on the basis of the measurement result to create and display a marker. Moreover, an optical axis of the measurement auxiliary light has an inclination angle that is not 0 degrees with respect to an optical axis of the imaging optical system in a case where the optical axis of the measurement auxiliary light is projected on a plane including the optical axis of the imaging optical system.

Provided are a measurement support device, an endoscope system, a processor for an endoscope system, and a measurement support method capable of easily and highly accurately measuring the size of a subject. In the measurement support device related to one aspect of the invention, the position of a spot by measurement auxiliary light is measured, and information indicating the actual size of a subject is acquired on the basis of the measurement result to create and display a marker. Moreover, an optical axis of the measurement auxiliary light has an inclination angle that is not 0 degrees with respect to an optical axis of the imaging optical system in a case where the optical axis of the measurement auxiliary light is projected on a plane including the optical axis of the imaging optical system.

A volume measuring apparatus is disclosed and includes a body having a working part and a holding part extended downward from the bottom of the working part, a processor arranged in the body, a first camera, a second camera, and a barcode capturing unit arranged on a front end of the working part, a first button arranged on one side of the holding part, and a second button arranged on a top of the working part. The first button and the second button are different types of button. By respectively operating the first button and the second button, the processor is controlled to perform a measuring action of the volume of a target box or to perform a decoding action of a target barcode based on the image captured by at least one of the first camera, the second camera, and the barcode capturing unit.