The invention provides a laser scanner, which comprises a light source unit, a light receiving unit, a distance measuring unit, an angle measuring unit, a telescope unit capable of rotating in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, a rotation driving unit, a directional angle detector, and a control arithmetic unit, wherein the light source unit is an MOPA type and has an oscillator control circuit, a main oscillator, and an optical amplifier, wherein the oscillator control circuit has a repetition frequency setting component, a pulse peak output setting component, a pulse width setting component and an amplification factor calculating component and oscillates the main oscillator corresponding to a measured distance, and wherein the amplification factor calculating component calculates an amplification factor based on a repetition frequency, a pulse peak output, and a pulse width and amplifies the optical amplifier based on a calculated amplification factor.

An apparatus for detecting tilt of a fixture and method thereof. The apparatus includes a visible element having a pattern visibly distinguishable from its surrounding area; a part having a plane reflective surface being configured to be engaged with the fixture in alignment and being arranged to reflect light beams propagating directly from the visible element so as to produce a first virtual image of the visible element; an image capture device being disposed at same side of the visible element with respective to the part having a plane reflective surface and being configured to have a field of view covering the first virtual image and a second virtual image of the visible element produced by the part having a plane reflective surface, wherein the second virtual image was produced where the part having a plane reflective surface assumed a levelling orientation; and a controller being adapted for detecting tilt of the fixture using a deviation of the first virtual image from the second virtual image of the visible element in the field of view of the image capture device. By using the apparatus or method according to present invention, no optical means, such as lens, is used for converging the light beams projected by the visible element. It is thus possible to facilitate the assembly of the apparatus, miniaturize the apparatus and reduce costs thereof.

An apparatus for detecting tilt of a fixture and method thereof. The apparatus includes a visible element having a pattern visibly distinguishable from its surrounding area; a part having a plane reflective surface being configured to be engaged with the fixture in alignment and being arranged to reflect light beams propagating directly from the visible element so as to produce a first virtual image of the visible element; an image capture device being disposed at same side of the visible element with respective to the part having a plane reflective surface and being configured to have a field of view covering the first virtual image and a second virtual image of the visible element produced by the part having a plane reflective surface, wherein the second virtual image was produced where the part having a plane reflective surface assumed a levelling orientation; and a controller being adapted for detecting tilt of the fixture using a deviation of the first virtual image from the second virtual image of the visible element in the field of view of the image capture device. By using the apparatus or method according to present invention, no optical means, such as lens, is used for converging the light beams projected by the visible element. It is thus possible to facilitate the assembly of the apparatus, miniaturize the apparatus and reduce costs thereof.

A laser mandrel system that self-centers within a hosel bore of a golf club head to allow for precision adjustment of lie and loft is disclosed herein. The mandrel includes a one-piece housing with upper and lower portions, a laser centered within the upper portion of the housing, and a plurality of o-rings extending around an exterior or interior surface of a lower portion of the housing.

Methods and apparatus for monitoring windlass rotation are provided to determine the real time rate and length of rode release when anchoring a boat. The rotation can be monitored in real time using directional sound and/or electromagnetic radiation receivers and/or transmitter in a module attached to the windlass. Another windlass module can monitor windlass rotation using micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) components such as accelerometers, magnetometers, gyroscopes, and/or inertial measurement units (IMU) to sense motion and/or position.

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of precision test and measurement, and provides a two-dimensional photoelectric autocollimation method and device based on wavefront measurement and correction. According to the disclosure, a link of wavefront measurement and correction of a reference light path is added to a traditional autocollimator measuring method. By using wavefront distortion information of the reference light path in the instrument and driving a deformable mirror to compensate for phase distortion of a beam, the link realizes measurement and control on aberration of the optical system of the autocollimator and improves the imaging quality and spot positioning accuracy of the optical system, thereby improving the angle measurement accuracy of the autocollimator. At the same time, by introducing the link, the autocollimator has the ability to resist interference from the external environment, so that the resolution and stability of angle measurement of the autocollimator are further improved. The method makes the traditional autocollimator have a nano-radian order (5×10.sup.−9 rad, that is 0.001″) angle resolution and a sub-microradian order (10.sup.−7 rad, that is 0.02″) angle measurement accuracy. The disclosure has the technical advantage of realizing angle measurement with high resolution, high accuracy and high stability under the same conditions, and has the abilities to resist environmental disturbances and compensate for errors caused by the disturbances.

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of precision test and measurement, and provides a two-dimensional photoelectric autocollimation method and device based on wavefront measurement and correction. According to the disclosure, a link of wavefront measurement and correction of a reference light path is added to a traditional autocollimator measuring method. By using wavefront distortion information of the reference light path in the instrument and driving a deformable mirror to compensate for phase distortion of a beam, the link realizes measurement and control on aberration of the optical system of the autocollimator and improves the imaging quality and spot positioning accuracy of the optical system, thereby improving the angle measurement accuracy of the autocollimator. At the same time, by introducing the link, the autocollimator has the ability to resist interference from the external environment, so that the resolution and stability of angle measurement of the autocollimator are further improved. The method makes the traditional autocollimator have a nano-radian order (5×10.sup.−9 rad, that is 0.001″) angle resolution and a sub-microradian order (10.sup.−7 rad, that is 0.02″) angle measurement accuracy. The disclosure has the technical advantage of realizing angle measurement with high resolution, high accuracy and high stability under the same conditions, and has the abilities to resist environmental disturbances and compensate for errors caused by the disturbances.

A method of predicting the gravity-free shape of a glass sheet and a method of managing the quality of a glass sheet based on the gravity-free shape of the glass sheet. The initial shape of a glass sheet is determined. When the glass sheet is flattened, values of stress at a plurality of locations in the glass sheet are obtained. A shape that the glass sheet will have when the flattened glass sheet is deformed such that the values of stress are zero is predicted as a stress-induced shape and a gravity-free shape of the glass sheet is predicted by combining the initial shape and the stress-induced shape. Quality management is performed on glass sheets based on gravity-free shapes thereof predicted using the method of predicting the gravity-free shape of a glass sheet.

A method of predicting the gravity-free shape of a glass sheet and a method of managing the quality of a glass sheet based on the gravity-free shape of the glass sheet. The initial shape of a glass sheet is determined. When the glass sheet is flattened, values of stress at a plurality of locations in the glass sheet are obtained. A shape that the glass sheet will have when the flattened glass sheet is deformed such that the values of stress are zero is predicted as a stress-induced shape and a gravity-free shape of the glass sheet is predicted by combining the initial shape and the stress-induced shape. Quality management is performed on glass sheets based on gravity-free shapes thereof predicted using the method of predicting the gravity-free shape of a glass sheet.

Disclosed is a high-stability nano-radian-order angle measuring method and device based on drift value feedback, belonging to the technical field of precision measurement and the field of optical engineering. The device consists of LED light sources, convex lenses, multi-slit diaphragms, beam splitters, deflecting mirrors, steering mirrors, a collimator objective set, linear array CCDs, a four-quadrant position detector and a plane mirror. The method includes: enabling two paths of measuring light beams to carry angle change information of a measured object, respectively forming respective images on two sensors, and calculating a pitch angle and a yaw angle of the measured object relative to an optical axis by using positions of the two images so as to achieve the detection capability on the angle change of the measured object. While a focal distance of the objective is greatly improved by using the collimator objective set, the linear array CCDs are used as sensors to improve a measuring range. Therefore, the technical advantage of nano-radian-order angle limit resolution is achieved under the condition of the same measuring range. The LED light sources, the convex lenses and the multi-slit diaphragms are used, and at the same time, drift value feedback is performed by using the four-quadrant position detector and the steering mirrors, and the system stability is improved to 10 nano-radian order, thus solving the problem of limitation of light beam drift value to limit resolution of an autocollimator. Additionally, a system device designed by the present disclosure has the technical advantages of small structure size, high measurement precision and high measurement frequency response.