A system and method of associating elevations with locations on an image map. The image map of a jobsite, e.g., a lot or building. is displayed on an electronic screen on a computer such as a smartphone or smart tablet. A user interface is used to allow a user to locate multiple different markers on different locations of the image map on the electronic screen. A user sets a marker by dragging a cursor to a location. Information is received from an electronic elevation determination device automatically or by manual control. That information represents an elevation of the electronic elevation device at a physical location matching the selected marker on the image map. The elevation information is then automatically associated with and printed beside the selected marker.

A device for determining the relative heights between two points in the direction in which gravity acts and an inclination sensor for single- or multi-axis determination of an inclination relative to the vertical direction defined by the gravitational field.

Systems, methods, and other implementations described herein relate to a manner of detecting kinking or other bending on a bendable structure. In one implementation, a bendable structure is configured to kink at different locations. First and second sensors surface-mounted antiparallel along the bendable structure have bending responses that increase with increasing amounts of bending, and that are increasingly sensitive along their lengths. The bending responses from first and second sensors are received at a first time and a second time subsequent to the first time. The formation of a kink is identified in response to identifying that the bending responses are indicative of unkinked bending at the first time and indicative of kinked bending at the second time. In response to identifying the formation of the kink, the location of the kink is identified based on the bending responses at the first time.

Systems, methods, and other implementations described herein relate to a manner of detecting kinking or other bending on a bendable structure. In one implementation, a bendable structure is configured to kink at different locations. First and second sensors surface-mounted antiparallel along the bendable structure have bending responses that increase with increasing amounts of bending, and that are increasingly sensitive along their lengths. The bending responses from first and second sensors are received at a first time and a second time subsequent to the first time. The formation of a kink is identified in response to identifying that the bending responses are indicative of unkinked bending at the first time and indicative of kinked bending at the second time. In response to identifying the formation of the kink, the location of the kink is identified based on the bending responses at the first time.

Systems, methods, and other implementations described herein relate to a manner of detecting kinking or other bend on a bendable structure. In one implementation, a bendable structure is configured to kink at different locations. First and second sensors surface-mounted antiparallel along the bendable structure have bending responses that increase with increasing amounts of bending, and that are increasingly sensitive along their lengths. The bending responses from first and second sensors are received at a first time and a second time subsequent to the first time. The formation of a kink is identified in response to identifying that the bending responses are indicative of unkinked bending at the first time and indicative of kinked bending at the second time. In response to identifying the formation of the kink, the location of the kink is identified based on the bending responses at the first time.

Systems, methods, and other implementations described herein relate to a manner of detecting kinking or other bend on a bendable structure. In one implementation, a bendable structure is configured to kink at different locations. First and second sensors surface-mounted antiparallel along the bendable structure have bending responses that increase with increasing amounts of bending, and that are increasingly sensitive along their lengths. The bending responses from first and second sensors are received at a first time and a second time subsequent to the first time. The formation of a kink is identified in response to identifying that the bending responses are indicative of unkinked bending at the first time and indicative of kinked bending at the second time. In response to identifying the formation of the kink, the location of the kink is identified based on the bending responses at the first time.

An electrowetting optical device is provided. The electrowetting optical device includes a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid. The non-conductive fluid includes a naphthalene based compound having Formula (I), Formula (II), and/or Formula (III):

##STR00001##

where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are individually alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or aryloxy groups; X includes carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, lead, and combinations thereof; and Z includes oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium, and combinations thereof. The conductive liquid may additionally include a transmission recovery agent having Formula (IV) and/or Formula (V):

##STR00002##

where R.sub.4 is an alkyl, fluoroalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or aryloxy group. The electrowetting optical device additionally includes a dielectric surface in contact with both the conductive and non-conductive liquids where the conductive and non-conductive liquids are non-miscible.

An electrowetting optical device is provided. The electrowetting optical device includes a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid. The non-conductive fluid includes a naphthalene based compound having Formula (I), Formula (II), and/or Formula (III):

##STR00001##

where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are individually alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or aryloxy groups; X includes carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, lead, and combinations thereof; and Z includes oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium, and combinations thereof. The conductive liquid may additionally include a transmission recovery agent having Formula (IV) and/or Formula (V):

##STR00002##

where R.sub.4 is an alkyl, fluoroalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or aryloxy group. The electrowetting optical device additionally includes a dielectric surface in contact with both the conductive and non-conductive liquids where the conductive and non-conductive liquids are non-miscible.

Elevation monitoring apparatus includes an enclosed base reference station (10) a 2000 m long, elongate housing (11) extends along the length of a traverse. A pair of conduits (12, 13) are filled with air (14) and water (15) respectively and extend through the elongate housing (11). 200 differential piezo pressure sensors (16) are spaced at 10 m intervals along the pair of conduits (12, 13) and are selected to sense the pressure difference between the respective fluids (14, 15). A dedicated microprocessor (17) associated with each pressure sensor (16) collects and distributes pressure difference data over a CANbus compatible network comprising twisted pairs (20) extending to the base reference station (10). A main data processor (21) relates the data to form a database of elevations. A modem (24) and antenna (23) outputs the data to remote management. A precision GPS unit (25) monitors the base reference elevation to assure the reference standard.

An electrowetting optical device is provided. The electrowetting optical device includes a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid. The non-conductive fluid includes a naphthalene based compound having Formula (I), Formula (II), and/or Formula (III): ##STR00001##
where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are individually alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or aryloxy groups; X includes carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, lead, and combinations thereof; and Z includes oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium, and combinations thereof. The conductive liquid may additionally include a transmission recovery agent having Formula (IV) and/or Formula (V): ##STR00002##
where R.sub.4 is an alkyl, fluoroalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or aryloxy group. The electrowetting optical device additionally includes a dielectric surface in contact with both the conductive and non-conductive liquids where the conductive and non-conductive liquids are non-miscible.