A rotational encoder combined with angle limit braking mechanism. The mechanism includes a braking system and a shock-absorbing spring mechanism integrated within the rotary encoder block to protect the device when operating within the desired angular travel limits. It is applied in scanning devices that require high angular position accuracy and stringent safety standards against external environmental impacts. The product of the invention is used in direct-drive motor mechanisms with high precision for angular travel limitation, such as robotic arms, fixed or mobile multi-sensor automated observation devices, and unmanned vehicles.

A lock apparatus including a cylinder lock and an actuation member configured to operate the cylinder lock via rotation of the actuation member with respect to a part of the cylinder lock, wherein: the cylinder lock includes a magnet, and the actuation member includes a smart actuation member circuit, the smart actuation member circuit including: one or more sensors (including one or more magnetic field sensors) configured to sense an action of the smart actuation member circuit with respect to the cylinder lock; and a processor or controller configured to receive information indicative of the sensed action from the or each sensor for use in determining a status of the cylinder lock. Furthermore, smart actuation member circuit, cylinder lock and method of fitting such a cylinder lock are claimed.