A novel Mandevilla genus plant is provided that has a novel color tone unable to be previously produced. A candidate Mandevilla genus plant is selected as a parent Mandevilla genus plant in the case carotenoid pigment is extracted from the petals thereof, and neoxanthin or a derivative thereof is present in the carotenoid pigment extract.

A method is provided for providing a set of ingredients for manufacturing of a dental prosthesis covering. The method comprises receiving a background colour value providing information on a colour of a background substrate on which the prosthesis is to be provided, receiving an appearance colour value providing information on an appearance colour of the prosthesis and receiving a thickness value providing information on a thickness of the dental prosthesis covering. In an electronic memory, a first ingredient record is looked up comprising first ingredient value, based on the measured background value and the measured appearance colour value. The first ingredient values are adjusted in an electronic processor adjusted based on the thickness value and through electronic output means, the adjusted ingredient data is provided. By adjusting ingredients for thickness, a more natural appearance may be achieved.

In one or more implementations, the apparatus, systems and methods disclosed herein are directed to configuring a color measurement device to output color measurements that match the expected output of a different color measurement device. In a particular implementation, a method is provided for matching the color measurements made by a color measurement device to the color measurements made by a target color measurement device by implementing a single step color calibration and conversion process using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). By way of non-limiting example, the raw counts from the color measurement device is converted to a specific color space, such as L*a*b, directly through an ANN. Such ANN is trained to ensure the output of the color measurement from the color measurement device will match with the output of the color measurement from a target color measurement device.

A subwavelength gold hole/disk array that when coupled with a ground plane induces extraordinary transmission through the hole/disk array and zero back reflection. The hole/disk array functions as a “light funnel” in couling incident radiation into the cavity with about 100% efficiency over a narrow resonant bandwidth, which results in frequency-selective perfect (˜100%) absorption of the incident radiation. Such an optical frequency-selective absorber enables flexible scaling of detector response to any wavelength range by pattern dimensional changes, enabling uncooled frequency selective detection and “color” imaging in the infrared domain. Methods and applications are disclosed.

A subwavelength gold hole/disk array that when coupled with a ground plane induces extraordinary transmission through the hole/disk array and zero back reflection. The hole/disk array functions as a “light funnel” in couling incident radiation into the cavity with about 100% efficiency over a narrow resonant bandwidth, which results in frequency-selective perfect (˜100%) absorption of the incident radiation. Such an optical frequency-selective absorber enables flexible scaling of detector response to any wavelength range by pattern dimensional changes, enabling uncooled frequency selective detection and “color” imaging in the infrared domain. Methods and applications are disclosed.

The invention relates to a system and a method for ascertaining a color recipe which produces a color product with a specified hue after an application onto a specified substrate using a specified application method. The method has the steps of: a) providing a database with a plurality of data sets, b) specifying a target application method, a target substrate, and a desired target hue by means of a user, c) searching the database using a computer program, and d) when at least one suitable database has been found in step c), displaying the information stored in the at least one data set, said information relating to the color recipe, wherein at least one of the data sets also comprises information on at least one reference hue, a reference application method, and a reference substrate. The reference hue is produced when the color recipe to which information contained in the data set relates is applied onto the reference substrate using the reference application method, and the reference application method differs from the application method to which the information contained in the data set relates and/or the reference substrate differs from the substrate to which information contained in the data set relates.

An illumination device and method are provided herein for calibrating individual LEDs in the illumination device to obtain a desired luminous flux and a desired chromaticity of the device over changes in drive current, temperature, and over time as the LEDs age. The calibration method may include subjecting the illumination device to a first ambient temperature, successively applying at least three different drive currents to a first LED to produce illumination at three or more different levels of brightness, obtaining a plurality of optical measurements from the illumination produced by the first LED at each of the at least three different drive currents, obtaining a plurality of electrical measurements from the photodetector and storing results of the obtaining steps within the illumination device to calibrate the first LED at the first ambient temperature. The plurality of optical measurements may generally include luminous flux and chromaticity, the plurality of electrical measurements may generally include induced photocurrents and forward voltages, and the calibration method steps may be repeated for each LED included within the illumination device and upon subjecting the illumination device to a second ambient temperature.

A computer-implemented method for identifying an effect pigment, the method comprising executing, on at least one processor of at least one computer, steps of: a) acquiring sample image data describing a digital image of a layer comprising a sample effect pigment b) determining, based on the sample image data, sparkle point data describing a sample distribution of sparkle points defined by the digital image, wherein the sample distribution is defined in an N-dimensional color space, wherein N is an integer value equal to or larger than 3; c) determining, based on the sparkle point data, sparkle point transformation data describing a transformation of the sample distribution into an (N−1)-dimensional color space; d) determining, based on the sparkle point transformation data, sparkle point distribution geometry data describing a geometry of the sample distribution; e) acquiring reference distribution geometry data describing a geometry of a reference distribution of sparkle points in the (N−1)-dimensional color space; f) acquiring reference distribution association data describing an association between the reference distribution and an identifier of the reference distribution; g) determining, based on the sparkle point distribution geometry data and the reference distribution geometry data and the reference distribution association data, sample pigment identity data describing an identity of the sample effect pigment.

An information processing apparatus (10) for evaluating the chromatic discriminability of content includes: a unit (S12) that converts the color space values of each of first and second verification points A and B on the content into Lab color space values; a unit (S13) that calculates the color difference and the lightness difference between the first and second verification points based on the Lab color space values; and a unit (S23, S24) that determines color-difference discriminability by comparing the color difference between the first and second verification points with a color-difference threshold, and determines lightness-difference discriminability by comparing the lightness difference between the first and second verification points with a lightness-difference threshold. Each of the color-difference threshold and the lightness-difference threshold is set to a value that depends on whether a region containing the first verification point and a region containing the second verification point are adjoining or not.

A method for determination of a cross-manufacturer hair coloration agent recommendation is provide. The method includes the allocation of a number of hair coloration agents to respectively one standard source hair color of a number of source hair colors, a coloration of hair samples with the number of hair coloration agents, a colorimetric measurement of the number of hair samples, a determination of a color difference between each of the number of colors, an allocation of each of the hair coloration agents with unknown composition to one of the hair coloration agents with known composition in such a way that the color difference is minimized, a determination of the user source hair color, a determination of the user's desired hair color, a determination of a first recommended hair coloration agent from the number of hair coloration agents of known composition and of a second recommended hair coloration agent.