Disclosed are a decoherence processing method and system, and a coherent light receiving apparatus. The coherent light receiving apparatus comprises a plurality of photoelectric conversion units. The method comprises: performing phase comparison between electric signals, obtained by means of conversion performed by at least two of a plurality of photoelectric conversion units, and a reference signal to obtain a corresponding phase difference; according to the obtained phase difference, respectively performing phase compensation on the electric signals obtained by means of conversion performed by the at least two photoelectric conversion units, so as to obtain at least two compensated electric signals of the photoelectric conversion units; and using the at least two compensated electric signals of the photoelectric conversion units to superpose and output electric signals.

A method for high-accuracy wavefront measurement based on grating shearing interferometry, which adopts a grating shearing interferometer system comprising an illuminating system, an optical imaging system under test, an object plane diffraction grating plate, an image plane diffraction grating plate, a two-dimensional photoelectric sensor, and a calculation processing unit. The object plane diffraction grating plate and the image plane diffraction grating plate are respectively arranged on the object plane and the image plane of the optical imaging system under test. The shearing phase of 1.sup.st-order diffracted beam and −1.sup.st-order diffracted beam is exactly extracted through phase shifting method, and the original wavefront is obtained by carrying out reconstruction algorithm according to a shear ratio of 2s, such that the accuracy of wavefront measurement of the optical imaging system under test is improved, wherein s is the shear ratio of the grating shearing interferometer.

An example deformable mirror includes a number of cells defining an aperture plane of the mirror. Each of the cells includes a first transparent electrode layer and a second reflective electrode layer, with a solid crystal electro-optical (EO) active layer between the electrode layers. The deformable mirror includes a reflective layer optically coupled to each of the cells on the reflective side of the cell.

The present invention relates to a system and method for reconstruction of temporal wavefront changes for use in an optical system comprising: measuring the distribution function of the light intensity, e.g. the two-dimensional distribution function of the light intensity, in at least two different images taken at different times, wherein said images are taken in at least one optical plane, e.g. the same optical plane, of the optical system.

The invention relates to a method for acquiring an image by an imager (20) comprising a matrix of pixels configured to generate an electric response when exposed to an incident light flux travelling through an optical path (21) in which is arranged a wavefront correction element (22), comprising the following steps: 1) initiating the exposure of the pixels to the incident light flux; 2) for a plurality of iterations during the exposure: 2.1) non-destructive reading of the electric responses of pixels of a region of interest; 2.2) determining an evolution of the spatial distribution of pixels in logarithmic mode previous iteration with respect to the previous iteration; 2.3) based on said evolution, establishing a command for the wavefront correction element (22) in order to correct the wavefront; 2.4) configuring the wavefront correction element, 3) reading the electric responses of the pixels resulting in an image.

A driving optical system is used to observe a disturbance of a wavefront of reference light received from a target and generate a wavefront in a conjugate relationship with the wavefront. A plurality of control signals are generated on a basis of a plurality of Zernike coefficients calculated as a Zernike polynomial which approximates the wavefront disturbance in order to respectively drive a plurality of deformable mirrors included in the driving optical system. An adaptive optical system is provided which can optically compensate a wavefront disturbance derived from an atmospheric fluctuation even in a case of radiating laser light to a target moving at a high speed.

A method for reconstructing the wavefront of a light beam by analyzing wavefront-gradient data of said light beam, the light beam containing at least one optical vortex, considering the contribution of the optical vortices to the wavefront. The method including providing a phase-gradient map g of the wavefront of the light beam, generating a Laplacian of a vector potential based on the phase gradient map g, the resulting Laplacian of the vector potential map, called “Laplacian map”, exhibiting peaks, the location of each peak corresponding to the location of an optical vortex and the integral of the peak being proportional to a topological charge n of said optical vortex, computing a singular phase map φ.sub.s based on the topological charge n and location of each optical vortex, the singular phase φ.sub.s map being representative of the contribution of the optical vortex.

The disclosure relates to a method for characterizing and operating a display, such as a light-field display or a display with or without a phase screen, comprising: an input stage wherein at least one test signal is provided as input to the display, a capture stage for obtaining display output information, said capture stage comprising capturing, by at least one acquisition system placed at a distance from the display, an impulse response of the display in response to the at least one provided test signal, wherein said capturing of an impulse response comprises measuring the at the at least one acquisition system received intensity distribution of the light emitted by the display in response to the at least one test signal, and/or capturing the wavefront phase of the light emitted by the display in response to the at least one test signal.

Disclosed is a wavefront sensor for measuring a tilt of a wavefront at an array of locations across a beam of radiation, wherein said wavefront sensor comprises a film, for example of Zirconium, having an indent array comprising an indent at each of said array of locations, such that each indent of the indent array is operable to perform focusing of said radiation. Also disclosed is a radiation source and inspection apparatus comprising such a wavefront sensor.

The present invention is intended to provide an adaptive optics system and an optical device that allow correction of wavefront phase aberration with higher accuracy than before and have a wider correction range than the conventional ones, regardless of the distance between the observation target and the fluctuation layer, and the size of the observation target. An adaptive optics system includes: a wavefront phase modulator that makes aberration correction to incident light and emits the corrected light; and an imaging-conjugated position adjustment mechanism that adjusts freely within a specimen the position of a surface imaging-conjugated with a fluctuation correction surface formed by the wavefront phase modulator. The imaging-conjugated position adjustment mechanism adjusts the fluctuation correction surface to be imaging-conjugated with a fluctuation layer existing in the specimen.