Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to facilitate a single pin load sensor coupled to a hitch receiver, the sensor to measure one or more loads on the hitch receiver. An example non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising machine-readable instructions that, when executed, cause a processor to at least capture, via a camera coupled to a vehicle, an image of a hitch of the vehicle, analyze the image to determine position data of a mount of the hitch, and calculate an actual load on the hitch based on the position data.

The present invention relates to an arrangement for measuring a force and/or a torque (Mt) on a machine element extending along an axis, using the inverse magnetostrictive effect. The machine element has a cavity extending along the axis and at least one magnetization region for magnetization purposes, extending circumferentially around the axis in an axial section of the machine element. The arrangement further includes at least one first magnetic field sensor, a second magnetic field sensor, a third magnetic field sensor and a fourth magnetic field sensor, each of which is designed to individually measure an axial direction component of a magnetic field caused by the magnetization and also by the force and/or torque (Mt) and each of which lies in one of the axial sections of the magnetization regions. According to the invention, at least the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor are arranged in the cavity of the machine element.

The present invention relates to an arrangement for measuring a force and/or a torque (Mt) on a machine element extending along an axis, using the inverse magnetostrictive effect. The machine element has a cavity extending along the axis and at least one magnetization region for magnetization purposes, extending circumferentially around the axis in an axial section of the machine element. The arrangement further includes at least one first magnetic field sensor, a second magnetic field sensor, a third magnetic field sensor and a fourth magnetic field sensor, each of which is designed to individually measure an axial direction component of a magnetic field caused by the magnetization and also by the force and/or torque (Mt) and each of which lies in one of the axial sections of the magnetization regions. According to the invention, at least the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor are arranged in the cavity of the machine element.

The present invention relates to an arrangement for measuring a force and/or a torque (Mt) on a machine element extending along an axis, using the inverse magnetostrictive effect. The machine element has at least two magnetization areas for magnetization purposes, extending circumferentially around the axis. In addition, there are magnetically neutral areas, each area being arranged axially between the magnetization areas and/or axially next to the magnetization areas. The arrangement further includes at least one first magnetic sensor, a second magnetic sensor and a third magnetic sensor, each of which is designed to individually measure a direction component of a magnetic field caused by the magnetization and also by the force and/or torque (Mt) and each of which lies in a different axial position. According to the invention, the third magnetic sensor lies in an axial position of one of the magnetically neutral areas.

An apparatus for measuring material properties of an object of ferromagnetic material, the apparatus including a probe, the probe including an electromagnet core defining two spaced-apart poles for inducing a magnetic field in the object, and a drive coil wound around the electromagnet core, and means to supply an alternating electric current to the drive coil to generate an alternating magnetic field in the electromagnet core and consequently in the object, wherein the probe also includes two sensing coils arranged in the vicinity of each of the poles, for sensing the magnetic flux density that links the core and the object, such sensing coils are significantly more sensitive to changes in material properties than are sensing coils overwound onto the drive coil.

A method of manufacturing a pressure sensor comprises: above a film portion formed on one surface of a substrate, depositing a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer and an intermediate layer between the first and second magnetic layers on one surface of a substrate; removing the deposited layers leaving a part thereof; and removing a part of the substrate from another surface of the substrate. By removing the deposited layers leaving a part thereof, a strain detecting element is formed in a part of a first region, the strain detecting element comprising the first magnetic layer, the second magnetic layer and the intermediate layer. By removing a part of the substrate, a part of the first region of the substrate is removed. In addition, the deposition of the first magnetic layer is performed with the substrate being bended.

Technologies and implementations for a system and method for determining a force applied to a cell or tissue culture is disclosed. The system and method may include an elastic element mounted in or suitable for mounting in a culture chamber. The elastic element may be adapted to be coupled with the cell or the tissue culture such that a force applied to the cell or the tissue culture leads to a deflection of the elastic element against a restoring force. A magnetic field sensor may be mounted outside said culture chamber. The magnetic field sensor may be adapted to detect a change of magnetic field attributable to a corresponding movement of a magnetic element upon deflection.

A magnetic load sensor unit (1) is provided which can detect the magnitude of an axial load applied by a linear motion actuator (14) to a friction pad (22). The magnetic load sensor unit (1) includes a magnetic target (4) which generates a magnetic field, and a magnetic sensor (5) designed to move relative to the magnetic target (4) corresponding to the axial load.

A combination includes a cable puller having a capstan around which a pulling rope is wrapped, and a sensor configured to measure the distance the pulling rope travels during a pulling operation. The sensor may be a Hall effect sensor and/or an optical sensor.

The invention refers to measuring equipment and is a mechanical stress sensor. The sensor has a rectangular plate of a polymer material the top surface of said rectangular plate having a cavity where a detector is located. Inside the rectangular plate there is a preliminary tensile amorphous ferromagnetic microwire located inside a measuring coil. The microwire is connected to a first pair of contact pads, while the differential measuring coil is connected to a second pair of contact pads. Both pairs of contact pads are connected to the detector. The detector has an output which is connected to an analog to digital converter coupled with a personal computer.