A force-measuring device is provided for integrating measurement of at least three radial forces acting centrally, in particular for radial presses or collets. The force-measuring device comprises a stretching-element assembly, which is concentric to a measurement axis and which comprises at least one stretching element. The force-measuring device also has at least three pressure elements spaced from each other in a circumferential direction, wherein two spreading elements are connected to the at least one stretching element at ends of the stretching element, the pressure elements are supported, by means of pressure inclines, on corresponding sliding inclines of the spreading elements, a transmitting element is fastened to a first of the two spreading elements, and a measuring sensor acts between the second of the two spreading elements and the transmitting element.

A load indicator for use with a fall protection apparatus having a line and a connector for connecting to a user includes a housing having a pass-through opening and a covered indicator region. At least a portion of the housing is configured for connecting to the line. The load indicator also includes a shear pin supported by the housing and extending across the pass-through opening, and a saddle extending across at least a portion of the pass-through opening and supported by at least a portion of the shear pin. The saddle is configured for connecting to at least a portion of the connector. The saddle is movable relative to the housing between a first position and a second position when a force exceeding a predetermined threshold value is applied on the saddle causing the shear pin to shear or break. At least a portion of the indicator region is uncovered in the second position of the saddle when the shear pin shears or breaks.

Apparatus and methods for web tension control are provided. In an example, an apparatus can include a tension beam configured to deflect in a predictive manner when under a force load, a first shaft directly coupled to the tension beam and configured to mechanically interface with a torque device, a second shaft directly coupled to the tension beam opposite the first shaft and configured to interface with a structural member of a web machine, and a strain gauge coupled to the tension beam and configured to provide an electrical representation of the force load.

Apparatus and methods for web tension control are provided. In an example, an apparatus can include a tension beam configured to deflect in a predictive manner when under a force load, a first shaft directly coupled to the tension beam and configured to mechanically interface with a torque device, a second shaft directly coupled to the tension beam opposite the first shaft and configured to interface with a structural member of a web machine, and a strain gauge coupled to the tension beam and configured to provide an electrical representation of the force load.

A cable (10) includes a cable body (11) that is formed from a plurality of wires (14) that are integrally bundled; and a pair of sockets (12) to which both end portions of the cable body (11) is separately affixed; at least one of the plurality of wires (14) being a fiber-containing wire (16), which is formed by an optical fiber (17) that extends in a cable length direction (D) and that is protected by a protective tube (18); wherein the optical fiber (17) protrudes from the protective tube (18), in the cable length direction, further outside than the socket (12); and each of the pair of sockets (12) is provided with a spool (30) that removably holds the optical fiber (17) and imparts an initial tensile strain to the optical fiber (17).

A cable (10) includes a cable body (11) that is formed from a plurality of wires (14) that are integrally bundled; and a pair of sockets (12) to which both end portions of the cable body (11) is separately affixed; at least one of the plurality of wires (14) being a fiber-containing wire (16), which is formed by an optical fiber (17) that extends in a cable length direction (D) and that is protected by a protective tube (18); wherein the optical fiber (17) protrudes from the protective tube (18), in the cable length direction, further outside than the socket (12); and each of the pair of sockets (12) is provided with a spool (30) that removably holds the optical fiber (17) and imparts an initial tensile strain to the optical fiber (17).

The disclosed embodiments relate to systems and methods for a surgical tool or a surgical robotic system. One example system for detecting disengagement of a surgical tool, includes an end effector connected to and driven by cables of a tool driver, sensors configured to detect forces associated with the cables, and one or more processors. The one or more processors identify cable tensions derived from forces detected by the sensors, compare the tension to a threshold tension value, calculate a velocity norm value based on a vector including the velocity value for each of the cables, compare the velocity norm value to a statistic velocity threshold, and identify a disengagement of at least one of the plurality of cables based on the first comparison and the second comparison.

According to one aspect of the invention, an automated load testing tool suitable for use when field testing stretch film load containment forces is provided. According to a further aspect, the tool safely, reliably and accurately measures load containment forces in a time- and cost-effective manner, and ensures that operators cannot manipulate the test results. According to a still further aspect, the tool is used to accurately measure stretch film stiffness after application to a wrapped load. According to yet another aspect, the test unit is attached to a load that has already been wrapped with stretch film, and the unit automatically hooks and then pulls the film a predefined distance at a predefined rate so that the load force needed to displace the film is accurately measured.

According to one aspect of the invention, an automated load testing tool suitable for use when field testing stretch film load containment forces is provided. According to a further aspect, the tool safely, reliably and accurately measures load containment forces in a time- and cost-effective manner, and ensures that operators cannot manipulate the test results. According to a still further aspect, the tool is used to accurately measure stretch film stiffness after application to a wrapped load. According to yet another aspect, the test unit is attached to a load that has already been wrapped with stretch film, and the unit automatically hooks and then pulls the film a predefined distance at a predefined rate so that the load force needed to displace the film is accurately measured.

An apparatus for emulating a variety of string instruments with a variety of configurations in order to measure the resulting, actual tension of a string on that instrument. The tension may be measured in real-time.