A system and method for testing the padding of a robotic manipulator includes at least one sensor; a processing unit; and an output unit. The at least one sensor is configured to acquire sensor data of a robotic manipulator. The at least one sensor is configured to provide the sensor data to the processing unit. The processing unit is configured to determine information relating to padding applied to the robotic manipulator, wherein the determination comprises a comparison of the sensor data with reference data. The output unit is configured to output the information relating to the padding applied to the robotic manipulator.

Provided in the present application are an assistance system and method for a suspension device, and an X-ray imaging system. The suspension device includes a tube device, a tube controller, a motion driving device and an assistance system. The motion driving device is capable of driving the suspension device to move along a first coordinate system. The assistance system includes a measurement device and a control device. The measurement device is disposed between the tube device and the tube controller so as to obtain an initial force of an operator, wherein the initial force includes the magnitude and direction of a force along a second coordinate system in which the measurement device is located. The control device includes a calibration unit and a calculation unit. The calibration unit is used for calibrating the initial force to obtain a calibrated force. The calculation unit is used for performing a coordinate transformation on the calibrated force to obtain a torque value corresponding to the first coordinate system, and sending the torque value to the motion driving device to enable the motion driving device to provide assistance on the basis of the torque value.

A controller samples, after determination of a start of a user's press on a pressable input surface of a pressure sensing member, a value of an output voltage of the pressure sensing member, and determines whether one of a first condition and a second condition is satisfied to accordingly determine whether the user's press on the pressable input surface is terminated. The first condition represents that the sampled value of the output voltage is lower than a predetermined second voltage threshold. The second condition represents that the output voltage has converged to a base voltage. The base voltage is a value of the output voltage of the pressure sensing member with no user's press on the pressable input surface of the pressure sensing member.

A controller samples, after determination of a start of a user's press on a pressable input surface of a pressure sensing member, a value of an output voltage of the pressure sensing member, and determines whether one of a first condition and a second condition is satisfied to accordingly determine whether the user's press on the pressable input surface is terminated. The first condition represents that the sampled value of the output voltage is lower than a predetermined second voltage threshold. The second condition represents that the output voltage has converged to a base voltage. The base voltage is a value of the output voltage of the pressure sensing member with no user's press on the pressable input surface of the pressure sensing member.

A power-steering system for a motor vehicle includes a steering wheel and an assistance motor controlled by a closed-loop regulation system, the regulation system determining a motor torque of the assistance motor as a function of a measured steering-wheel torque, using at least one “setpoint monitoring” arm calculating a component of the motor torque, referred to as “variant motor torque”, by subtracting a set steering-wheel torque from the RFe corresponding to the sum of the measured steering-wheel torque and the motor torque, wherein the variant motor torque is multiplied by a gain determined by a three-dimensional map as a function of a vehicle speed and the measured steering-wheel torque.

An apparatus for sensing a physical attribute is shown, that includes a first track (511) defining a first electrode on a substrate (512), a second track (513) defining a second electrode on said substrate and an active film (514) in cooperation with a first sensor portion (516) of the first electrode and a second sensor portion (517) of the second electrode. The second electrode includes a first extended portion (517) to establish a first additional resistance not cooperating with the active film.

A brake pedal assembly comprising a pedal and a pedal resistance force member operably coupled to the pedal. A damper pedal resistance force module defines an interior fluid-filled cavity. A shaft extends through the damper module and includes a piston mounted thereon and moveable through the fluid-filled cavity to generate a damper resistance force. A spring pedal resistance force module is adapted to generate a spring pedal resistance force. A pedal force sensing module is mounted to the pedal resistance force member. A pedal position sensor is mounted to the pedal resistance force member. A pedal force sensor is mounted to the pedal resistance force member.

The power management unit supplies first power that is continuous power to the second sensor when the power switch is on, supplies second power that is intermittent power having a voltage lower than the first power to the second sensor when the power switch is off, and outputs rotation number information representing a rotation number of the motor rotation shaft based on the second sensor signal. The power management unit includes a comparator that operates using the second power as the power source when the power switch is off and compare the second sensor signal and the reference voltage, and a counter that detects the rotation number of the motor rotation shaft by counting the output of the comparators.

Described herein are methods for forming resistive heaters and force sensing elements on a flexible substrate, and devices that include these elements to provide a force responsive conductive heater, such as a seat heater in a vehicle. The methods include printing a conductive ink on a flexible substrate that is heated to 30° C. to 90° C. before and/or during the printing process and curing the substrate to produce a conductive pattern thereon. The conductive inks generally include a particle-free metal-complex composition formulated from at least one metal complex and a solvent, and optionally, a conductive filler material.

Described herein are methods for forming resistive heaters and force sensing elements on a flexible substrate, and devices that include these elements to provide a force responsive conductive heater, such as a seat heater in a vehicle. The methods include printing a conductive ink on a flexible substrate that is heated to 30° C. to 90° C. before and/or during the printing process and curing the substrate to produce a conductive pattern thereon. The conductive inks generally include a particle-free metal-complex composition formulated from at least one metal complex and a solvent, and optionally, a conductive filler material.