A pressure sensor for a gas-filled cylinder, which comprises a body from which a connector protrudes for coupling to an opening for filling a gas-filled cylinder with gas, a first through hole which passes through the connector and the body and a second hole which connects the first through hole to a sensor element which is connected electrically to at least one electronic board for processing a signal that can be detected by the sensor element.

A liquid encapsulation device for embedding sensor is provided. The liquid encapsulation device comprises a substrate having an upper surface with a central concave portion; at least one protection layer sealed on the upper surface of the substrate; and at least one sensor fixed on the protection layer. Wherein, the central concave portion is filled with liquid and the sensor is arranged above the central concave portion.

A device for indicating exposure to a pressure. The device may include a base layer, a plurality of microcapsules, and a coating, with the microcapsules being disposed between the base layer and the coating. The microcapsules contain a indicator material that can be released once the microcapsules burst. The microcapsules then have a compressive bursting strength that is chosen or designed to be less than a selected pressure (e.g., the pressure being that to which a particular article may be exposed during high pressure processing). Thus, when the device is subjected to a pressure greater than the compressive bursting strength, at least some microcapsules burst, the indicator material is released from the microcapsules, and the release of the indicator material can be detected by observation of the device. The device may be a label that is associated (such as by being affixed) to the article being subjected to pressure (or multiple labels being associated (such as by being affixed) to multiple articles. Alternatively, the device may be associated with an article or articles without being affixed thereto.

A method for determining the amount of a gas present in a battery cell, whereby the battery cell has an initial volume, comprises at least the following steps: a) immersing the battery cell into a non-conductive liquid having a defined density at a first ambient pressure; b) generating a lifting force that acts in the opposite direction of a downforce of the battery cell; c) changing the first ambient pressure to a second ambient pressure, and measuring the buoyancy force—which is dependent on the ambient pressure—of the battery cell in the liquid; and d) measuring the amount of gas present in the battery cell, taking into account the first and second ambient pressures, the buoyancy forces ascertained for these ambient pressures, the temperature of the non-conductive liquid and the density of the liquid.

A cuff pressure stabilizer (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 800) is provided that includes an inflation lumen proximal port connector (134), which is shaped to form an air-tight seal with an inflation lumen proximal port (15) of a catheter (10) additionally having an inflatable cuff (11) and an inflation lumen (13); a fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624); a liquid column container (118, 518, 618), which is (a) open to the atmosphere (99) at at least one site along the liquid column container, (b) in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624), and (c) in communication with the inflation lumen proximal port connector (134) via the fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624); and a liquid (121), which is contained (a) in the fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624), (b) in the liquid column container (118, 518, 618), or (c) partially in the fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624) and partially in the liquid column container (118, 518, 618), and which has a density of between 1.5 and 5 g/cm3 at 4 degrees Celsius at 1 atm.

A cuff pressure stabilizer (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 800) is provided that includes an inflation lumen proximal port connector (134), which is shaped to form an air-tight seal with an inflation lumen proximal port (15) of a catheter (10) additionally having an inflatable cuff (11) and an inflation lumen (13); a fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624); a liquid column container (118, 518, 618), which is (a) open to the atmosphere (99) at at least one site along the liquid column container, (b) in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624), and (c) in communication with the inflation lumen proximal port connector (134) via the fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624); and a liquid (121), which is contained (a) in the fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624), (b) in the liquid column container (118, 518, 618), or (c) partially in the fluid reservoir (120, 524, 624) and partially in the liquid column container (118, 518, 618), and which has a density of between 1.5 and 5 g/cm3 at 4 degrees Celsius at 1 atm.

Methods and systems are presented for diagnosing operation of a fuel tank pressure sensor. The methods and systems may include releasing fuel vapors from a fuel tank to an engine when an engine is rotating in a fuel cut out mode while a catalyst temperature is greater than a threshold temperature to determine whether or not the fuel tank pressure sensor is degraded.

Methods and systems are presented for diagnosing operation of a fuel tank pressure sensor. The methods and systems may include releasing fuel vapors from a fuel tank to an engine when an engine is rotating in a fuel cut out mode while a catalyst temperature is greater than a threshold temperature to determine whether or not the fuel tank pressure sensor is degraded.

A differential pressure sensor is provided with an indicator assembly to represent the measured differential pressure. The sensor includes a cylindrical tube with a magnetic piston slidably disposed within. The indicator assembly is positioned adjacent to the tube and includes a first magnet having a first polarity direction and a second magnet having a second polarity direction. The magnets are provided in the indicator assembly such that the first and second polarity directions are parallel to one another. The first and second magnets are symmetrically disposed and offset from one another about a center of rotation of the indicator assembly.

A differential pressure sensor is provided with an indicator assembly to represent the measured differential pressure. The sensor includes a cylindrical tube with a magnetic piston slidably disposed within. The indicator assembly is positioned adjacent to the tube and includes a first magnet having a first polarity direction and a second magnet having a second polarity direction. The magnets are provided in the indicator assembly such that the first and second polarity directions are parallel to one another. The first and second magnets are symmetrically disposed and offset from one another about a center of rotation of the indicator assembly.