A device includes a channel, a slit, and a cap. The channel is formed on a surface of the device. The slit separates the channel to a first portion and a second portion. The first portion comprises liquid metal, e.g., gallatin. The second portion comprises gas. The liquid metal moves within the channel between the first and the second portions in response to external stimuli, e.g., pressure. The liquid metal moving within the channel changes electrical characteristics, e.g., capacitive value, inductance value, resistance value, resonance frequency, etc., of the device.

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a deformable film portion, a first sensing element and a second sensing element. The first sensing element is fixed to the film portion, and includes a first magnetic layer of a first material, a first opposing magnetic layer, and a first intermediate layer. The first intermediate layer is provided between the first magnetic layer and the first opposing magnetic layer. The second sensing element is fixed to the film portion, and includes a second magnetic layer of a second material, a second opposing magnetic layer, and a second intermediate layer. The second material is different from the first material. The second intermediate layer is provided between the second magnetic layer and the second opposing magnetic layer.

A pressure sensor is disclosed. The pressure sensor includes a pressure sensor unit provided with a pressure detecting element configured to receive a drive voltage from a control substrate and electrically send a pressure detection signal to the control substrate so as to detect a pressure of fluid, and a plurality of electric wires connected to the pressure detecting element so as to supply the drive voltage and drawn to the outside so as to send the pressure detection signal. The pressure sensor may also include a relay substrate connected to the plurality of electric wires and having a converting circuit mounted thereon. The converting circuit converts either or both of the drive voltage supplied from the control substrate and the pressure detection signal sent to the control substrate.

A guide protrusion includes first walls protruding upwards from an upper face of a body, facing each other across an opening in a first direction, and first protrusions protruding from each first wall toward the other. A receptive portion between the first walls has a first opening, opening to one side in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The sensor case is received from the first opening following the second direction. The guide protrusion has a first movement restricting face facing another side in the second direction. The sensor case includes a columnar portion extending vertically through a gap between the first protrusions, a flange at least partially between the upper face and the first protrusions in the vertical direction, within the receptive portion, and a facing portion on the other side of the first movement restricting face in the second direction, facing the first movement restricting face.

A pressure sensor comprising at least a pressure measuring cell, a pressure balancer, as well as at least one measurement line to transfer a pressure applied to the pressure means to the pressure measuring cell, wherein the pressure sensor comprises at least one compensation line showing the same features as the measurement line, which is arranged parallel in reference to the measurement line.

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a deformable film portion, a first sensing element and a second sensing element. The first sensing element is fixed to the film portion, and includes a first magnetic layer of a first material, a first opposing magnetic layer, and a first intermediate layer. The first intermediate layer is provided between the first magnetic layer and the first opposing magnetic layer. The second sensing element is fixed to the film portion, and includes a second magnetic layer of a second material, a second opposing magnetic layer, and a second intermediate layer. The second material is different from the first material. The second intermediate layer is provided between the second magnetic layer and the second opposing magnetic layer.

A system (700) for using a vapor pressure to determine a concentration of a component in a multi-component fluid is provided. The system (700) includes an electronics (710) communicatively coupled to a transducer (720) configured to sense a multi-component fluid. The electronics (710) is configured to determine a first vapor pressure, the first vapor pressure being a vapor pressure of a first component of the multi-component fluid, determine a second vapor pressure, the second vapor pressure being a vapor pressure of a second component of the multi-component fluid, and determine a multi-component vapor pressure, the multi-component vapor pressure being a vapor pressure of the multi-component fluid. The electronics (710) is also configured to determine a concentration of at least one of the first component and the second component based on the multi-component vapor pressure, the first vapor pressure, and the second vapor pressure.

An apparatus includes a vessel configured to be pressurized and heated at a well site to match desired process conditions at which a demulsifier is to break an emulsion of crude oil. The vessel includes a first end, a second end, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe receives crude oil and a demulsifier and mixes the crude oil and the demulsifier to form a mixture. The apparatus includes a heater surrounding at least a portion of the vessel. The heater is configured to provide heat to the mixture. The apparatus includes a guided wave radar configured to generate a reference pulse of microwave energy and detect a surface echo reflected from the mixture.

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a deformable film portion, a first sensing element and a second sensing element. The first sensing element is fixed to the film portion, and includes a first magnetic layer of a first material, a first opposing magnetic layer, and a first intermediate layer. The first intermediate layer is provided between the first magnetic layer and the first opposing magnetic layer. The second sensing element is fixed to the film portion, and includes a second magnetic layer of a second material, a second opposing magnetic layer, and a second intermediate layer. The second material is different from the first material. The second intermediate layer is provided between the second magnetic layer and the second opposing magnetic layer.

A guide protrusion includes first walls protruding upwards from an upper face of a body, facing each other across an opening in a first direction, and first protrusions protruding from each first wall toward the other. A receptive portion between the first walls has a first opening, opening to one side in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The sensor case is received from the first opening following the second direction. The guide protrusion has a first movement restricting face facing another side in the second direction. The sensor case includes a columnar portion extending vertically through a gap between the first protrusions, a flange at least partially between the upper face and the first protrusions in the vertical direction, within the receptive portion, and a facing portion on the other side of the first movement restricting face in the second direction, facing the first movement restricting face.