A wind tunnel test equipment using wind force integration includes: a structural model whose interior is empty; an internal support disposed inside the structural model; and load sensors disposed outside the internal support and coming into close contact with the inner surfaces of the structural model to measure aerodynamic forces applied to the structural model.

In an embodiment, a test section comprises at least one surface defining an at least partially enclosed space. The at least partially enclosed space defines an airflow path for air to flow. The test section also comprises a nozzle disposed in the at least partially enclosed space. The nozzle is configured to spray an agricultural spray and is positioned to emit the agricultural spray such that at least a section of the agricultural spray exhibits a non-parallel angle relative to the airflow path defined by the at least partially enclosed space. The test section further comprises at least one stimulus source positioned to illuminate at least a portion of the agricultural spray adjacent to the nozzle. Additionally, the test section comprises at least one detector positioned to image at least the portion of the agricultural spray adjacent to the nozzle.

A device for measuring the characteristics of an air flow in an annular passage of a turbo-machine. The device includes a rod which extends along a first axis and carries means for measuring air flow characteristics. The rod also sealingly engages and slides in a first tubular part extended by a second tubular part. The second tubular part sealingly passes along the first axis through a slider mounted in a slide for sliding along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis. The rod engages the second tubular part with an annular clearance.

A preparatory sequence for determining the aerodynamic drag surface and/or the rolling coefficient of a vehicle in real conditions of movement, without braking, on a road having a point of departure and a point of arrival, comprises: a) defining a traffic lane with a width less than or equal to 1 m, along the road section, b) performing, by way of the vehicle, a first movement from the point of departure to the point of arrival in the traffic lane, and measuring: the speed of the air relative to the vehicle, the speed of the vehicle at the point of departure and the point of arrival, and the driving energy supplied by the vehicle along the road section, or considering zero driving energy if the movement is a freewheeling movement.

Five methods may be used for determining the aerodynamic drag surface and/or the rolling coefficient.

A preparatory sequence for determining the aerodynamic drag surface and/or the rolling coefficient of a vehicle in real conditions of movement, without braking, on a road having a point of departure and a point of arrival, comprises: a) defining a traffic lane with a width less than or equal to 1 m, along the road section, b) performing, by way of the vehicle, a first movement from the point of departure to the point of arrival in the traffic lane, and measuring: the speed of the air relative to the vehicle, the speed of the vehicle at the point of departure and the point of arrival, and the driving energy supplied by the vehicle along the road section, or considering zero driving energy if the movement is a freewheeling movement.

Five methods may be used for determining the aerodynamic drag surface and/or the rolling coefficient.

A method of evaluating integrated running energy of a vehicle in a wind tunnel may include estimating change in fuel efficiency according to change of vehicle parts thereby facilitating precise measurement of running energy.

A method of evaluating integrated running energy of a vehicle in a wind tunnel may include estimating change in fuel efficiency according to change of vehicle parts thereby facilitating precise measurement of running energy.

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of aerodynamic and acoustic measurement, in particular to a comprehensive performance test platform for acoustic liner. Based on this comprehensive performance test platform for acoustic liner, the stress of the measured acoustic liner under high sound intensity can be measured by using strain gauges arranged on the measured acoustic liner, the aerodynamic drag of the measured acoustic liner can be measured by using the drag balance, and the acoustic performance parameters of the measured acoustic liner can be calculated based on the sound pressure data obtained by the microphone array. With this test platform, the stress, the aerodynamic drag and the acoustic performance parameters of the measured acoustic liner can be measured simultaneously, which overcomes the problem of inaccurate experimental data obtained in inconsistent experimental conditions caused by conventional separate acoustic liner tests.

A dynamic five-hole probe includes a pressure sensing part, a pressure measuring hole transition section, a pressure acquisition section, dynamic pressure sensors and flexible wall pressure buffering tubes, the pressure sensing part being provided with pressure measuring holes to sense three dimensional dynamic pressure components of an airflow; the pressure measuring hole transition section transits from an inlet end surface five-hole structure into an outlet end surface five-hole structure; the pressure acquisition section has therein a centrally symmetric pressure measuring hole structure; pressure sensor mounting holes are in communication with the five pressure measuring holes; each of the dynamic pressure sensors is mounted in a corresponding one of the sensor mounting holes to measure a dynamic pressure of the airflow. The pressure sensing part may have a diameter of 3 mm or less.

A wind tunnel test equipment using wind force integration includes: a structural model whose interior is empty; an internal support disposed inside the structural model; and load sensors disposed outside the internal support and coming into close contact with the inner surfaces of the structural model to measure aerodynamic forces applied to the structural model.