Methods for quantitatively determining the time (TNI) between (1) the application of this method and (2) the time at which the next out-of-service API 653 internal inspection of a steel, field-erected, aboveground storage tank (AST) containing petroleum/water products should be performed. These methods combine four in-service measurements of the thickness, integrity, and corrosion rate of the tank bottom with an empirical corrosion rate cumulative frequency distribution (CFD) for the tank of interest to develop a Bayesian tank bottom survival probability distribution to determine TNI. During this entire TNI time period, the risk of tank bottom failure is less than at the time these methods were applied. If available, the results of a previous out-of-service API 653 internal inspection are also used. These methods can be applied at any time while the tank is in-service to update the internal inspection interval previously determined in an out-of-service internal inspection of the tank.

A thinning detection system includes a current applying apparatus configured to apply an AC current to electrodes installed on metal equipment which is a monitoring object, a magnetic-field measuring apparatus including an array of magnetic sensors configured to measure a magnetic field distribution of a surface side of the metal equipment; and a measurement managing apparatus configured to estimate a thinning distribution of the metal equipment based on a magnetic field distribution difference which is a difference between a reference magnetic-field distribution which is obtained in a case where thinning has not occurred in the metal equipment and a measurement magnetic-field distribution which is an actual measurement result. The measurement managing apparatus calculates a virtual current distribution of the metal equipment from the magnetic field distribution difference, and estimates the thinning distribution of the metal equipment on the basis of a virtual eddy current represented by the virtual current distribution.

The sensor device (100) has a sensor housing (110), to which at least two sensors from a group consisting of a black standard sensor (120), a UV radiation sensor (130), an air temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are connected.

An aspect of the present disclosure is to precisely define a constant value used in the Monkman-Grant analysis, when estimating remaining life of a high-chromium steel pipe through which high-temperature and high-pressure fluid is allowed to flow. A remaining life estimation method according to the present disclosure is particularly characterized in that a step of obtaining a constant on an accelerated creep test is performed in which a constant indicative of the product of a strain rate and a rupture time in the Monkman-Grant analysis is obtained by multiplying a first coefficient to transform uniaxial rupture ductility into multiaxial rupture ductility, the uniaxial rupture ductility being obtained from a specimen of the high-chromium steel pipe, a second coefficient to amend consumed life of the specimen, and a third coefficient to amend a measured pressure into an assessment pressure.

A system and method of detecting, quantifying, and characterizing corrosion and degradation of an article, includes receiving signals indicative of a stack of images of a surface of the article; determining depth and nature of features in the stack of images; generating a surface model of the article in response to the determination of the depth and the nature of features; determining features of interest from the surface model; comparing the features of interest with predetermined information on the article; and characterizing the article as corroded or degraded in response to the comparisons of the features of interest.

A system includes a plurality of movable members and an electromagnetic wave probe disposed within at least one movable member among the plurality of movable members. The actuation system is coupled to the plurality of movable members. The actuation system is configured to actuate and removably position the plurality of movable members to form a wave guide around at least a portion of an outer peripheral surface of the pipe assembly and position the electromagnetic wave probe proximate to the portion of the outer peripheral surface of the pipe assembly.

A method is provided that involves rotational equipment that includes a case and a first rotor blade within the case. During the method, a probe is arranged within the case adjacent the first rotor blade. A magnetic characteristic of the first rotor blade is measured using the probe. Presence of internal corrosion within the first rotor blade is determined based on the measured magnetic characteristic.

Incoherent millimeter wave, sub-millimeter wave and terahertz test signals are used to probe metal substrates covered by a protective coating or outer layer, such as paint or thermal insulation, obscuring direct assessment of the substrate. The incoherent test signals, provide signal dispersion and angular variation of the test signals with respect to angular incidence to the substrate. Illumination of the substrate permits differentiation between un-corroded and corroded sections of the sample because reflectivity (and emissivity) from a metal-based substrate is heavily dependent on the surface resistivity which is dependent on the corroded state. A detector/camera is arranged to pick up reflections from the substrate and an associated control system identifies regions of the sample that reflect the test signal illumination differently or otherwise indicate a variation from a reference value. The differences therefore signify the presence or lack of corrosion or other abnormalities within or on the substrate.

A corrosion resistance test apparatus is for a coated metal material including a metal base and a surface treatment film, and includes: one or two water-containing material holders to hold a water-containing material in contact with the surface treatment film inside; one or two electrodes in contact with the water-containing material; an external circuit configured to electrically connect between the electrode and the metal base, or between the electrodes; a temperature control element brought into contact with the coated metal material via an insulating portion and configured to control a temperature of at least the coated metal material; a temperature controller configured to control a temperature of the temperature control element; and a current supplier configured to supply a current between the electrode and the metal base, or between the electrodes, as an anode and a cathode, respectively to bring corrosion of the coated metal material to progress.

A high temperature corrosion sensor is provided having (i) a housing having an external wall and an internal wall, the internal wall of the housing forming a chamber of the housing, (ii) a stainless steel tube inserted into the chamber, (iii) a ceramic tube wherein at least a portion of the ceramic tube is inserted into the stainless steel tube, (iv) an airflow tube that extends through the chamber, and (v) a sensor probe having a first working electrode, a second working electrode, a reference electrode, a positive electrical resistance, a negative electrical resistance, and a thermocouple, wherein at least a portion of each are encapsulated into a ceramic casting that is located at one end of the housing. Methods of measuring corrosion within a power plant environment are provided.