Methods for determining the internal corrosion rate of steel pipelines. During the methods the calibration constant is determined under laboratory conditions then by using the calibration constant field conditions are modeled under laboratory conditions and the corrosion rate is determined, then in the same manner as under laboratory conditions the corrosion rate is determined under field conditions. Further, the invention is a measuring arrangement for determining the calibration constant and the corrosion rate for the internal corrosion rate of steel pipelines (1) the arrangement is applicable to carry out the methods under laboratory and field conditions. The arrangement consists of a polarizing and measuring unit (5) having a two-channel power output (2), a potential-measuring input (3), and a ground connection (4), a control and data storage unit (6), and three probes (8) with counter-electrodes (7). At least one probe (8) is also provided with a reference electrode (9).

Methods for determining the internal corrosion rate of steel pipelines. During the methods the calibration constant is determined under laboratory conditions then by using the calibration constant field conditions are modeled under laboratory conditions and the corrosion rate is determined, then in the same manner as under laboratory conditions the corrosion rate is determined under field conditions. Further, the invention is a measuring arrangement for determining the calibration constant and the corrosion rate for the internal corrosion rate of steel pipelines (1) the arrangement is applicable to carry out the methods under laboratory and field conditions. The arrangement consists of a polarizing and measuring unit (5) having a two-channel power output (2), a potential-measuring input (3), and a ground connection (4), a control and data storage unit (6), and three probes (8) with counter-electrodes (7). At least one probe (8) is also provided with a reference electrode (9).

Systems and methods for monitoring copper corrosion in an integrated circuit (IC) device are disclosed. A corrosion-sensitive structure formed in the IC device may include a p-type active region adjacent an n-type active region to define a p-n junction space charge region. A copper region formed over the silicon may be connected to both the p-region and n-region by respective contacts, to thereby define a short circuit. Light incident on the p-n junction space charge region, e.g., during a CMP process, creates a current flow through the metal region via the short circuit, which drives chemical reactions that cause corrosion in the copper region. Due to the short circuit configuration, the copper region is highly sensitive to corrosion. The corrosion-sensitive structure may be arranged with less corrosion-sensitive copper structures in the IC device, with the corrosion-sensitive structure used as a proxy to monitor for copper corrosion in the IC device.

Systems and methods for monitoring copper corrosion in an integrated circuit (IC) device are disclosed. A corrosion-sensitive structure formed in the IC device may include a p-type active region adjacent an n-type active region to define a p-n junction space charge region. A copper region formed over the silicon may be connected to both the p-region and n-region by respective contacts, to thereby define a short circuit. Light incident on the p-n junction space charge region, e.g., during a CMP process, creates a current flow through the metal region via the short circuit, which drives chemical reactions that cause corrosion in the copper region. Due to the short circuit configuration, the copper region is highly sensitive to corrosion. The corrosion-sensitive structure may be arranged with less corrosion-sensitive copper structures in the IC device, with the corrosion-sensitive structure used as a proxy to monitor for copper corrosion in the IC device.

A fuel dispensing system comprising a fuel tank adapted to contain a quantity of fuel. A fuel dispenser is in fluid communication with the fuel tank via piping. A pump operative to transfer fuel from the fuel tank to the fuel dispenser is also provided. The fuel dispensing system further comprises a corrosion detection assembly operative to identify presence of a corrosive substance in the fuel. The corrosion detection assembly includes at least one corrosion sensor positioned to be in contact with fuel vapor in the fuel dispensing system, the corrosion sensor producing a detector signal indicating presence of the corrosive substance. The corrosion sensor according to this aspect has a printed circuit multilayer structure in which at least one sensing element is positioned on an exposed surface of the multilayer structure and at least one reference element is positioned on an inner surface of the multilayer structure to be unexposed to the fuel vapor. Electronics in electrical communication with the corrosion sensor are operative to interpret the detector signal and produce an output if the corrosive substance is present.

A fuel dispensing system comprising a fuel tank adapted to contain a quantity of fuel. A fuel dispenser is in fluid communication with the fuel tank via piping. A pump operative to transfer fuel from the fuel tank to the fuel dispenser is also provided. The fuel dispensing system further comprises a corrosion detection assembly operative to identify presence of a corrosive substance in the fuel. The corrosion detection assembly includes at least one corrosion sensor positioned to be in contact with fuel vapor in the fuel dispensing system, the corrosion sensor producing a detector signal indicating presence of the corrosive substance. The corrosion sensor according to this aspect has a printed circuit multilayer structure in which at least one sensing element is positioned on an exposed surface of the multilayer structure and at least one reference element is positioned on an inner surface of the multilayer structure to be unexposed to the fuel vapor. Electronics in electrical communication with the corrosion sensor are operative to interpret the detector signal and produce an output if the corrosive substance is present.

A temperature characteristic evaluation method includes the steps of acquiring temperature data, ambient temperature data, and internal temperature data are acquired. By changing at least one of the set temperature and the ambient temperature, a plurality of combinations of the set temperature data, the ambient temperature data, and the internal temperature data is obtained as a plurality of temperature data groups. A difference between the ambient temperature data and the set temperature data in each of the plurality of temperature data groups is calculated as the first difference. A difference between the internal temperature data and the set temperature data is calculated as the second difference. The combinations of the first and second differences are obtained as difference groups. The plurality of difference groups for the plurality of temperature data groups is approximated in a linear function, and the linear function is obtained as a temperature function.

Apparatus (200) for detecting corrosion of a coating (250) of an object (216), the apparatus comprising: an electrically conductive body (202) defining a cavity (204) for containing an electrolyte (206), the body (202) arranged to be, in use, in electrically conductive contact with the object (216) and arranged to isolate, in use, the electrolyte (206) from the object; and a first electrode (208) within the cavity (204), the first electrode (208) for electrical connection to a potentiostat (402) or to a galvanostat and arranged to be, in use, in electrical contact with the electrolyte (206) in the cavity (204); wherein the body (202) comprises a first part (222) and a second part (224), the second part (224) being slidably movable relative to the first part (222) between a retracted position and an extended position.

Apparatus (200) for detecting corrosion of a coating (250) of an object (216), the apparatus comprising: an electrically conductive body (202) defining a cavity (204) for containing an electrolyte (206), the body (202) arranged to be, in use, in electrically conductive contact with the object (216) and arranged to isolate, in use, the electrolyte (206) from the object; and a first electrode (208) within the cavity (204), the first electrode (208) for electrical connection to a potentiostat (402) or to a galvanostat and arranged to be, in use, in electrical contact with the electrolyte (206) in the cavity (204); wherein the body (202) comprises a first part (222) and a second part (224), the second part (224) being slidably movable relative to the first part (222) between a retracted position and an extended position.

The present invention relates to the technical field of bridges, and specifically discloses a bridge sling based on electrochemical detection on steel wire corrosion. By means of winding a steel wire bundle with a wrapping tape, and coating the wrapping tape with a shielding coating, the steel wire bundle and the shielding coating are electrically connected with positive and negative electrodes of a voltage test assembly respectively, so that simple and accurate detection on corrosion in the sling during service is realized, and the safety of the sling during the service is ensured.