A system for detecting contamination in a two-phase immersion cooling system based on temperature differences between component surface temperature and fluid temperature, a previous component surface temperature and a present component surface temperature and a component surface temperature and a component surface temperature threshold value. Large differences between the component surface temperature and the fluid temperature or between the component surface temperature and a previous component surface temperature or a component surface temperature exceeding a component surface temperature threshold value may indicate contaminants in the fluid that are inhibiting the ability for the component to effectively transfer heat to the fluid. A temperature monitoring system may monitor the temperatures and communicate with a service system to apply corrective measures before the residue can cause significant damage to an information handling system.

Described is a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) instrument capable of performing analyses of multiple samples at the same time. Some embodiments of DSC instruments described herein include a thermal substrate that provides a substantially uniform temperature across a surface of the substrate. A plurality of DSC units is in thermal communication with the substrate, for example, by mounting the units directly to the surface of the substrate. Each DSC unit includes a second thermal substrate for further thermal isolation, and a reference platform and sample platform to receive a reference cell and a sample cell, respectively. A thermoelectric device is disposed between each platform and the second thermal substrate. Optionally, the reference and sample cells may be disposable chips that can be discarded after measurement are performed, thereby reducing or eliminating the need to clean instrument components to prevent cross-contamination for subsequent instrument operation.

Provided is a simulation model sample for evaluation of heat treatment including a porous water absorbing material that is flexible and deformable; and a container that is configured to be able to contain the porous water absorbing material having water absorbed therein. Also provided is a method for evaluating heat treatment using a simulation model sample including a step of allowing a flexible and deformable porous water absorbing material to absorb water, and the porous water absorbing material to be contained in a container, to produce a simulation model sample; and a step of subjecting the simulation model sample to heat treatment, while measuring a temperature inside the simulation model sample.

Identifying a stable phase of a binary alloy comprising a solute element and a solvent element. In one example, at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the binary alloy are determined, and the stable phase of the binary alloy is identified based on the first thermodynamic parameter and the second thermodynamic parameter, wherein the stable phase is one of a stable nanocrystalline phase, a metastable nanocrystalline phase, and a non-nanocrystalline phase. In different aspects, an enthalpy of mixing of the binary alloy may be calculated as a first thermodynamic parameter, and an enthalpy of segregation of the binary alloy may be calculated as a second thermodynamic parameter. In another example, a diagram delineating a plurality of regions respectively representing different stable phases of at least one binary alloy is employed, wherein respective regions of the plurality of regions are delineated by at least one boundary determined as a function of at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the at least one binary alloy.

Identifying a stable phase of a binary alloy comprising a solute element and a solvent element. In one example, at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the binary alloy are determined, and the stable phase of the binary alloy is identified based on the first thermodynamic parameter and the second thermodynamic parameter, wherein the stable phase is one of a stable nanocrystalline phase, a metastable nanocrystalline phase, and a non-nanocrystalline phase. In different aspects, an enthalpy of mixing of the binary alloy may be calculated as a first thermodynamic parameter, and an enthalpy of segregation of the binary alloy may be calculated as a second thermodynamic parameter. In another example, a diagram delineating a plurality of regions respectively representing different stable phases of at least one binary alloy is employed, wherein respective regions of the plurality of regions are delineated by at least one boundary determined as a function of at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the at least one binary alloy.

A method for detecting a storage life of a pre-crosslinked material is provided. Tableting is performed on an unaged pre-crosslinked material to obtain crosslinked polyethylene. A crosslinking degree and a mechanical property of the crosslinked polyethylene are measured to obtain reference data. The pre-crosslinked material is heated to obtain a fast-aged pre-crosslinked material. The crosslinking degree and mechanical property of crosslinked polyethylene obtained from the fast-aged pre-crosslinked material are measured to obtain measurement results, which are compared with the reference data. If comparison results all fall within corresponding ranges, the time period of heating is increased by a step to repeat the above steps until the comparison results do not all fall within the corresponding ranges. A result obtained by subtracting the step from the time period of heating is converted into a time period of storage at the room temperature.

A method for detecting a storage life of a pre-crosslinked material is provided. Tableting is performed on an unaged pre-crosslinked material to obtain crosslinked polyethylene. A crosslinking degree and a mechanical property of the crosslinked polyethylene are measured to obtain reference data. The pre-crosslinked material is heated to obtain a fast-aged pre-crosslinked material. The crosslinking degree and mechanical property of crosslinked polyethylene obtained from the fast-aged pre-crosslinked material are measured to obtain measurement results, which are compared with the reference data. If comparison results all fall within corresponding ranges, the time period of heating is increased by a step to repeat the above steps until the comparison results do not all fall within the corresponding ranges. A result obtained by subtracting the step from the time period of heating is converted into a time period of storage at the room temperature.

Foam testing apparatus with closed loop air circulation along sample cylinder which maintains lubrication oil sample at desired temperature during test procedure. The apparatus may include a digital camera adjacent to the sample cylinder for observation and recording of foam characteristics during test procedure.

Foam testing apparatus with closed loop air circulation along sample cylinder which maintains lubrication oil sample at desired temperature during test procedure. The apparatus may include a digital camera adjacent to the sample cylinder for observation and recording of foam characteristics during test procedure.

Disclosed herein is a solar thermochemical reactor comprising an outer member, an inner member disposed within an outer member, wherein the outer member surrounds the inner member and wherein the outer member has an aperture for receiving solar radiation and wherein an inner cavity and an outer cavity are formed by the inner member and outer member and a reactive material capable of being magnetically stabilized wherein the reactive material is disposed in the outer cavity between the inner member and the outer member.