An open cup flash point detector is shown that rapidly increases the temperature of the substance being tested until temperature is close to a theoretical flash point. Thereafter, as temperature is slowly increased, an igniter flame moves in an arc over the upper lip of the test cup while simultaneously a UV sensor senses a wedge-shaped area, also immediately over the upper lip of the test cup. The arc of the igniter flame and the wedge-shaped area do not overlap. By incremental increases in temperature and repeating the arc movement of the igniter flame, the flash point can be detected by the UV sensor.

An open cup flash point detector is shown that rapidly increases the temperature of the substance being tested until temperature is close to a theoretical flash point. Thereafter, as temperature is slowly increased, an igniter flame moves in an arc over the upper lip of the test cup while simultaneously a UV sensor senses a wedge-shaped area, also immediately over the upper lip of the test cup. The arc of the igniter flame and the wedge-shaped area do not overlap. By incremental increases in temperature and repeating the arc movement of the igniter flame, the flash point can be detected by the UV sensor.

A method of determining vapor pressure of a fluid is provided. The method comprises the step of providing a meter having meter electronics, wherein the meter comprises at least one of a flowmeter and a densitometer. A process fluid is flowed through the meter. A low-pressure location associated with the meter is provided. The pressure of the process fluid is adjusted until flashing is detectable at the low-pressure location. The true vapor pressure of the process fluid is calculated at an instant where flashing is detected.

A method of determining vapor pressure of a fluid is provided. The method comprises the step of providing a meter having meter electronics, wherein the meter comprises at least one of a flowmeter and a densitometer. A process fluid is flowed through the meter. A low-pressure location associated with the meter is provided. The pressure of the process fluid is adjusted until flashing is detectable at the low-pressure location. The true vapor pressure of the process fluid is calculated at an instant where flashing is detected.

The present invention provides a testing apparatus which allows for the safe and cost-effective testing and evaluation of the heat and flame resistance of distribution pole specimens made of various types of materials such as concrete, steel and composites. According to a preferred embodiment, the present invention includes an enclosure having an outer wall with torch ports to allow attached torches to apply flame and heat to an enclosed specimen. According to a further preferred embodiment, the enclosure includes a raised specimen support pedestal which includes a specimen support surface for supporting the enclosed specimen at a desired height.

The present invention provides a testing apparatus which allows for the safe and cost-effective testing and evaluation of the heat and flame resistance of distribution pole specimens made of various types of materials such as concrete, steel and composites. According to a preferred embodiment, the present invention includes an enclosure having an outer wall with torch ports to allow attached torches to apply flame and heat to an enclosed specimen. According to a further preferred embodiment, the enclosure includes a raised specimen support pedestal which includes a specimen support surface for supporting the enclosed specimen at a desired height.

Exemplary embodiments are directed to a flame test method. Generally, exemplary methods relate to a test method for laminate materials comprising a sample with a flammable layer and attaching this construction to a frame and exposing the construction to a frame. Specifically, exemplary methods relate to providing a sample, adhering a flammable layer to the sample resulting in a sample construction, attaching the sample construction to a frame, exposing the sample to a flame source, removing the flame source and inspecting the sample for fire damage.

Exemplary embodiments are directed to a flame test method. Generally, exemplary methods relate to a test method for laminate materials comprising a sample with a flammable layer and attaching this construction to a frame and exposing the construction to a frame. Specifically, exemplary methods relate to providing a sample, adhering a flammable layer to the sample resulting in a sample construction, attaching the sample construction to a frame, exposing the sample to a flame source, removing the flame source and inspecting the sample for fire damage.

A signal is injected into a wired series of detonators to obtain a reflected signal which represents a validated status of the system. The reflected signal is compared to a second reflected signal, generated in a similar way, some time later; to detect factors which affect the validated status of the system.

A rechargeable battery is externally heated to induce thermal runaway, and material expelled from the battery is analyzed.