A biosensor, including a modified gold electrode and a macrophage RAW264.7 immobilized on the modified gold electrode. The disclosure also provides a method of preparing the biosensor and a method of using the same for evaluation of antioxidant capacity of substances.

A biosensor, including a modified gold electrode and a macrophage RAW264.7 immobilized on the modified gold electrode. The disclosure also provides a method of preparing the biosensor and a method of using the same for evaluation of antioxidant capacity of substances.

A solid-liquid contact electrification-based self-driving chemical sensor includes a container, a contact liquid, an electrode, a solid triboelectric layer, a rectifier, a load, and a displacement device. The contact liquid is placed in the container. The electrode may be actively or passively moved into the container to be immersed in or emerged from the contact liquid. The solid triboelectric layer surrounds and covers a surface of the electrode. The solid triboelectric layer includes a sensing layer which becomes a reacted sensing layer by reacting to a target analyte. The rectifier and the load are connected to the electrode. The displacement device is connected to the electrode or the container to perform a periodic reciprocating motion, so that the solid triboelectric layer is in contact with and separated from the contact liquid, thereby generating a surface charge transfer to generate an electrical output signal.

The disclosure relates to a display substrate, including: a base substrate including a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area; a first crack detection line located in the peripheral area and surrounding the display area; a second crack detection line located in the peripheral area and surrounding the display area; at least one first electrostatic discharge circuit located in the peripheral area, each including at least one first thin film transistor, the at least one first thin film transistor including a first gate; and at least one second electrostatic discharge circuit located in the peripheral area and electrically connected to the second crack detection line, each including at least one second thin film transistor, the at least one second thin film transistor including a second gate, wherein the second gate is electrically connected to the first gate.

The disclosure relates to a display substrate, including: a base substrate including a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area; a first crack detection line located in the peripheral area and surrounding the display area; a second crack detection line located in the peripheral area and surrounding the display area; at least one first electrostatic discharge circuit located in the peripheral area, each including at least one first thin film transistor, the at least one first thin film transistor including a first gate; and at least one second electrostatic discharge circuit located in the peripheral area and electrically connected to the second crack detection line, each including at least one second thin film transistor, the at least one second thin film transistor including a second gate, wherein the second gate is electrically connected to the first gate.

Methods and systems are provided for accurate and efficient identification and quantification of proteins. In an aspect, disclosed herein is a method for identifying a protein in a sample of unknown proteins, comprising receiving information of a plurality of empirical measurements performed on the unknown proteins; comparing the information of empirical measurements against a database comprising a plurality of protein sequences, each protein sequence corresponding to a candidate protein among a plurality of candidate proteins; and for each of one or more of the plurality of candidate proteins, generating a probability that the candidate protein generates the information of empirical measurements, a probability that the plurality of empirical measurements is not observed given that the candidate protein is present in the sample, or a probability that the candidate protein is present in the sample; based on the comparison of the information of empirical measurements against the database.

A resin impregnation measurement system includes first electrodes, second electrodes, a measurement controller, and an impregnation ratio deriving unit. The first electrodes extend in parallel. The second electrodes are disposed so as to oppose to the first electrodes across a container and extend in a direction intersecting the first electrodes. The container is configured to be filled with a resin. The measurement controller is configured to sequentially switch between the first electrodes and the second electrodes and measure electrostatic capacities of measurement regions where the first electrodes are opposite to the second electrodes. The impregnation ratio deriving unit is configured to derive an impregnation ratio of the resin to the fiber base material in the container on a basis of a distribution of the electrostatic capacities of the measurement regions.

A resin impregnation measurement system includes first electrodes, second electrodes, a measurement controller, and an impregnation ratio deriving unit. The first electrodes extend in parallel. The second electrodes are disposed so as to oppose to the first electrodes across a container and extend in a direction intersecting the first electrodes. The container is configured to be filled with a resin. The measurement controller is configured to sequentially switch between the first electrodes and the second electrodes and measure electrostatic capacities of measurement regions where the first electrodes are opposite to the second electrodes. The impregnation ratio deriving unit is configured to derive an impregnation ratio of the resin to the fiber base material in the container on a basis of a distribution of the electrostatic capacities of the measurement regions.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods, systems, devices and kits corresponding to a method for analyzing charge variants of a protein such as vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF-Trap.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods, systems, devices and kits corresponding to a method for analyzing charge variants of a protein such as vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF-Trap.