A fluid mixture parameter determination (FMPD) system for analyzing a fluid mixture while moving includes a computing system and at least one material model that includes two or more model parameters for a plurality of material compositions stored in the memory. An ultrasonic sensor and a millimeter wave (MMW) sensor are each coupled to sense the fluid mixture and are coupled to the computing system. The ultrasonic sensor is for providing ultrasonic data to the computing system including a velocity of the fluid mixture or a volumetric flow, and a velocity of sound (VoS) through the fluid mixture. The MMW sensor is for providing MMW velocity data to the computing system. The computing system is for utilizing the material model together with the ultrasonic data and the MMW velocity data for identifying parameters including a plurality of components in the fluid mixture and a concentration for the plurality of components.

A fluid sensing apparatus and method for detecting pressure and the presence of bubbles within a fluid tube. The fluid sensor comprises a housing configured to receive a portion of the tube and to house the pressure sensor and the ultrasonic transmitter. The pressure sensor is positioned adjacent the tube and is configured to receive a pressure sensor signal, which correlates to a detected pressure differential within the tube. A controller transmits a drive signal to the ultrasonic transmitter, which emits ultrasonic waves through a portion of the tube and to the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor receives both the ultrasonic waves and a pressure sensor signal, and subsequently transmits an output signal to the controller. In the presence of a pressure differential or a bubble within the tube, the output signal will exhibit a DC shift or a distortion of its signal characteristics, respectively.

A fluid sensing apparatus and method for detecting pressure and the presence of bubbles within a fluid tube. The fluid sensor comprises a housing configured to receive a portion of the tube and to house the pressure sensor and the ultrasonic transmitter. The pressure sensor is positioned adjacent the tube and is configured to receive a pressure sensor signal, which correlates to a detected pressure differential within the tube. A controller transmits a drive signal to the ultrasonic transmitter, which emits ultrasonic waves through a portion of the tube and to the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor receives both the ultrasonic waves and a pressure sensor signal, and subsequently transmits an output signal to the controller. In the presence of a pressure differential or a bubble within the tube, the output signal will exhibit a DC shift or a distortion of its signal characteristics, respectively.

An ultrasonic pulse transmitter is provided that is configured to transmit an ultrasonic pulse through a target liquid medium. A receiver is also provided. Per one embodiment, a reflector is coupled to an automated positioner that moves the reflector to select different positions at select distances from an ultrasonic transceiver. A holder is provided that is configured to maintain the pulse transmitter at a controlled position in relation to the target liquid medium, and that is configured to be carried. In one embodiment of a method, ultrasonic pulses are transmitted through a target liquid medium. The transmitted ultrasonic pulses are then received. A vessel is provided to hold the liquid medium without the use of a seal on the vessel.

A device including at least one sensing bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator including a sensing surface; a fluid channel, wherein the sensing surface of the at least one sensing BAW resonator is disposed adjacent to or within the fluid channel; at least one resistive heater; and at least one temperature detector, wherein the at least one temperature detector is configured to monitor the temperature adjacent to the at least one BAW resonator and affect a current to be passed through the at least one resistive heater.

A sensor system includes a sensor module that is embedded in a target environment and a signal system. The sensor module includes an active sensor of a first type that detects a target element in the target environment and a reference sensor of the first type that prevents detection of target elements by the reference sensor. The active sensor and the reference sensor receive an ultrasonic signal and respectively generate a first response signal and a second response signal. The first response signal is at least partially as a function of the detected target element. The signal system includes an ultrasonic transducer that generates the ultrasonic signal and receives the first and second response signals, and a controller communicatively coupled to the ultrasonic transducer. The controller identifies the detected target element based at least partially on the first and second response signals.

Various systems and methods for demonstrating acoustic properties of a fenestration unit are provided herein. A system includes a sound demonstration apparatus having a sound insulating member defining an acoustic chamber, wherein the sound demonstration apparatus includes at least one open face. The system also includes a sound emitter operable to be positioned in the acoustic chamber of the sound demonstration apparatus, wherein the sound demonstration apparatus is operable to engage the fenestration unit at the open face of the sound demonstration apparatus. The method includes positioning the sound demonstration apparatus and a fenestration unit, such that the fenestration unit and the sound demonstration apparatus are operably engaged and form an acoustic chamber. The method includes activating a sound emitter.

A detection method includes calibration mode of calibrating sensor with low-concentration gas being caused to flow along direction from the sensor toward an adsorption part, first detection mode of, after the calibration mode, detecting chemical substance with sample gas being caused to flow along the direction from the sensor toward the adsorption part, first adsorption mode of adsorbing, by the adsorption part, the chemical substance during an execution time period including time period overlapping at least part of an execution time period of the first detection mode, second adsorption mode of, after the first adsorption mode, adsorbing, by the adsorption part, the chemical substance with the sample gas being caused to flow along direction from the adsorption part toward the sensor, and second detection mode of desorbing, from the adsorption part, the chemical substance adsorbed in the first and second adsorption modes and detecting the chemical substance by the sensor.

A system for analyzing a fluid includes an in-line sensor configured to analyze a fluid flowing past the in-line sensor to determine at least one in-line value of a fluid parameter of the fluid across an event period, and a sample sensor configured to analyze a sample of fluid extracted from the flow of fluid during the event period, to determine sample value of the fluid parameter for the sample. At least one processor is provided, configured to determine a representative in-line value of the fluid parameter across the event period based at least in part on the at least one in-line value, and determine an overall representative value of the fluid parameter across the event period based on the representative in-line value, the sample value for the sample, and one or more of the in-line values corresponding to the time of extracting the sample, wherein determination of the overall representative value is based on an error correction value determined for the in-line sensor during the event period.

An odor is detected with high accuracy. A sensing system includes: a sensor apparatus including a filter to remove an odor-causing substance contained in air and a sensor unit including one or more detection elements to detect an amount of the odor-causing substance contained in air; and an information processing apparatus including a difference calculation unit to calculate a difference between a detection value of each of the one or more detection elements, the detection value indicating an amount of the odor-causing substance contained in air that has passed through the filter and a detection value of each of the one or more detection elements, the detection value indicating an amount of the odor-causing substance contained in air that has not passed through the filter, and a determination unit to determine an odor of air based on the calculated difference.