Disclosed herein is a submersible having one or more sensors configured to collect a signal from an interior area of a liquid carrying channel, and a processor configured to obtain the signal from the one or more sensors, calculate a diameter and a circumference of the liquid carrying channel according to the signal. determine whether an irregularity is present on an inner surface of the liquid carrying channel according to the diameter and the circumference, and generate a notification to notify an irregularity has been detected on the inner surface.

A transducer system. The system comprises a transducer and circuitry for applying an excitation waveform to excite the transducer during an excitation period. The circuitry for applying has: (i) circuitry for applying a first waveform at a first frequency; and (ii) circuitry for applying a second waveform at a second frequency differing from the first frequency.

Disclosed herein a method of producing an ultrasound that includes defining a set of criteria for an ultrasound emitter comprising a plate. The set of criteria includes a power output criterion, a frequency criterion and number of nodes for a resonance mode of the plate, a focus criterion, and a durability criterion. The method includes determining an outline and a thickness range for the plate, based on the set of criteria. The method includes using topology optimization to determine internodal zone dimensions for the plate, based on the set of criteria, the outline, and the thickness range. The method includes manufacturing the plate according to the internodal zone dimensions.

There is provided a method for evaluating the cleanliness of a steel material by an ultrasonic flaw detection method enabling rapid acquisition of highly reliable data. Ultrasonic flaw detection is performed to detect a flaw in at least one part in the range of 90% or more and 100% or less of a steel material (for example, round bar 2) at a radial position where the center of the steel material is set as 0% and the surface is set as 100%, and then the cleanliness is evaluated based on the dimension and the number of inclusions in the steel material obtained by the ultrasonic flaw detection.

The system includes an ultrasonic measuring device including ultrasonic transmitters and ultrasonic receivers, the ultrasonic measuring device carrying out ultrasonic measurements on a zone of interest of the component divided according to a gridding including cells, and carrying out the measurements cell after cell with the generation, by all the ultrasonic transmitters, of an ultrasonic signal that is sent into the component, and the measurement, by all the ultrasonic receivers, of the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal reflected by the cell in question of the component, a unit for computing, for all of the cells of the gridding, the sum of the amplitudes of all the measurements carried out for that cell, and a processing part for deducing the presence or absence of one or more defects. The system detects all the defects existing in the zone of interest of the component, whatever their orientation may be.

The present disclosure provides an acoustic transducer unit and a manufacturing method thereof, and an acoustic transducer, the acoustic transducer unit includes: a base substrate; a first electrode on the base substrate; a support pattern on a side of the first electrode away from the base substrate, which is enclosed into an accommodation groove, at least one release groove and at least one connection groove, an orthographic projection of the release groove on the base substrate is spaced apart from that of the accommodation groove on the base substrate, the connection groove is between the accommodation groove and the release groove to communicate them; a diaphragm pattern on the side of the first electrode away from the base substrate and capable of vibrating in the accommodation groove; a filling pattern in the release groove; a second electrode on a side of the diaphragm pattern away from the base substrate.

A measurement device includes a measurement unit that measures a physical property of a measurement target by causing the measurement target to vibrate through an application of an ultrasonic wave, the measurement unit including a first mode that measures the physical property using a first burst wave sensitive in a first predetermined range of physical property values and a second mode that measures the physical property using a second burst wave sensitive in a second range of physical property values different from the first range, and a control unit that controls the measurement unit to execute at least one of the first mode and the second mode.

A method for detecting breaks or defects in railroad spikes transmits an ultrasonic signal that propagates along the body of the spike and detects the resulting reflected ultrasonic signal. The reflected signal is then analyzed to automatically detect the presence of a break or defect in the spike based on the time delay between the reflected signal and the transmitted signal.

Methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture are disclosed. An example pre-amplifier includes a demodulator to generate an oscillating signal having a measurement center frequency, combine an acoustic emission signal and the oscillating signal to generate a sideband acoustic emission signal, sample spectral data of the sideband acoustic emission signal at an intermediate center frequency in an intermediate frequency bandwidth, and generate demodulated acoustic emission data based on a mapping of the sampled spectral data to the measurement center frequency, the measurement center frequency different from the intermediate center frequency, and a transmitter to transmit the demodulated acoustic emission data to a computing device.

Methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture are disclosed. An example pre-amplifier includes a demodulator to generate an oscillating signal having a measurement center frequency, combine an acoustic emission signal and the oscillating signal to generate a sideband acoustic emission signal, sample spectral data of the sideband acoustic emission signal at an intermediate center frequency in an intermediate frequency bandwidth, and generate demodulated acoustic emission data based on a mapping of the sampled spectral data to the measurement center frequency, the measurement center frequency different from the intermediate center frequency, and a transmitter to transmit the demodulated acoustic emission data to a computing device.