The invention is directed to a method for chemiluminescent sulphur detection wherein the method comprises the following steps. (a) oxidation of a gaseous starting mixture comprising one or more sulphur compounds to obtain an oxidized gas mixture. (b) reduction of the oxidized gas mixture as obtained in step (a) to obtain a gaseous mixture of reduced sulphur compounds in the presence of a ceramic surface. (c) reacting the mixture of reduced sulphur compounds obtained in step (b) with ozone to obtain a sulphur compound in excited state and measuring a chemiluminescent emission of the sulphur compound in excited state to obtain a measure for the amount of sulphur compounds in the gaseous starting mixture. The ceramic surface in step (b) is a magnesium aluminium silicate comprising surface.

An embodiment provides a method for deriving an alkalinity measurement, including: introducing a fluid sample; measuring, a phosphate amount of the fluid sample using a colorimetric reagent; measuring a pH of the fluid sample, wherein the pH of the fluid sample correlates to a hydroxide amount of the fluid sample; introducing an acid to convert all the inorganic carbon to carbon dioxide; applying a positive potential to the SP3 substituted carbon electrode; introducing, prior to or substantially simultaneously during the application of the positive potential to the SP3 substituted carbon electrode and in the reaction chamber, at least one acid reagent comprising a metallic catalyst that converts the carbonate and the partially oxidized species to carbon dioxide; determining total organic carbon by detecting an amount of carbon dioxide produced by the oxidation; determining the total organic carbon from the oxidation of the organic carbon species, and determining a derived alkalinity based upon the phosphate amount, the hydroxide amount, and the amount of carbon dioxide generated from the inorganic carbon. Other aspects are described and claimed.

A method for measuring TOC in test water is disclosed. Test water is injected into a combustion tube, which is controlled to be heated in a state of flowing carrier air generated by discharging stored water filled in a combustion gas or carrier air storage tank. After the drying process, temperature in the combustion tube is increased, and the dried organic carbon is burned. Combustion gas is guided to the combustion gas storage tank. An inside of the combustion tube is purified due to high pressure steam generated by injecting pure water and organic carbon removed in the purification process is burned and oxidized. The generated combustion gas is guided to the combustion gas storage tank and is pushed into an infrared meter to measure a carbon dioxide gas concentration. Otherwise, the generated combustion gas is guided to the infrared meter to measure the carbon dioxide gas concentration.

There is provided a separation method in which a target component in a solution can be separated simply but safely and efficiently without contamination from the environment. This method includes: providing a solution containing a target component, and a reaction reagent; while continuously feeding the solution and the reaction reagent to a flow path, intermittently injecting bubbles into the flow path to produce a gas-liquid slug flow in which a mixed liquid containing the solution and the reaction reagent is segmented into a plurality of droplets by the bubbles; continuing the feed of the gas-liquid slug flow in the flow path, thereby facilitating the mixing of the solution and the reaction reagent, and the gasification of the target component by the mixing, in each droplet, and the movement of a target component-derived gas produced by the gasification to the bubbles; and recovering the target component-derived gas with an absorbing liquid.

The invention is directed to a method for chemiluminescent sulphur detection wherein the method comprises the following steps. (a) oxidation of a gaseous starting mixture comprising one or more sulphur compounds to obtain an oxidized gas mixture. (b) reduction of the oxidized gas mixture as obtained in step (a) to obtain a gaseous mixture of reduced sulphur compounds in the presence of a ceramic surface. (c) reacting the mixture of reduced sulphur compounds obtained in step (b) with ozone to obtain a sulphur compound in excited state and measuring a chemiluminescent emission of the sulphur compound in excited state to obtain a measure for the amount of sulphur compounds in the gaseous starting mixture. The ceramic surface in step (b) is a magnesium aluminium silicate comprising surface.

An automated total organic carbon analyzer is described. Embodiments of the system include two features, namely the development of a selective oxidation reactor to oxidize organic contaminants to their corresponding organic acids, and the measurement of the organic acids individually by chain length using an electroanalytical detector. Combining this electroanalytical approach with sequential detection capabilities (such as spectrophotometry) can expand the instrument capabilities by providing organic contaminant speciation. The described reactor performs selective oxidation of organic carbon to organic acids followed by complexation with a proprietary ligand, then selective detection using electroanalytical accumulation and desorption of organic acids performed at an electrode surface.

Provided is a method of inspecting a growth quality of a graphene layer of a graphene-grown copper foil obtained by growing the graphene layer on a copper foil layer by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), the method including reacting oxygen or water molecules with the copper foil layer via a defect portion of the graphene layer, partitioning an entire region of the graphene-grown copper foil into partial regions, sequentially obtaining images of the partial regions, detecting, with respect to each of the images of the partial regions, an oxidized region where the copper foil layer is oxidized, and setting the oxidized region as a graphene defect region, and obtaining a ratio of an area of the graphene defect region to an entire area of each of the images of the partial regions.

An embodiment provides a method for measuring at least one characteristic of an aqueous sample, including: introducing an aqueous sample into a measurement device comprising one or more electrodes; oxidizing a transition metal to produce a higher valent metal by applying an electrical potential between an anode and a cathode of the measurement device; oxidizing, using the higher valent metal as a catalyst, a material within the aqueous sample; measuring a characteristic of the aqueous sample based upon the oxidized material, using a measurement device selected from the group consisting of: an electrochemical measurement device and an optical measurement device; and optimizing the electrical potential and at least one reagent delivered to the measurement device based on the measurement of the characteristic. Other aspects are described and claimed.

An automated total organic carbon analyzer is described. Embodiments of the system include two features, namely the development of a selective oxidation reactor to oxidize organic contaminants to their corresponding organic acids, and the measurement of the organic acids individually by chain length using an electroanalytical detector. Combining this electroanalytical approach with sequential detection capabilities (such as spectrophotometry) can expand the instrument capabilities by providing organic contaminant speciation. The described reactor performs selective oxidation of organic carbon to organic acids followed by complexation with a proprietary ligand, then selective detection using electroanalytical accumulation and desorption of organic acids performed at an electrode surface.

A simplified reagent system for the analysis of arsenic in an acidic aqueous environment is disclosed. In accordance with the inventive technology, a two reagent system is provided. The first reagent includes a combination of an acidifying agent and an oxidizing agent, and is in particulate form. The second reagent is zinc in particulate form, and is beneficially used in the analysis in the presence of an effective amount of an agent for increasing the rate of arsine gas production.