A self-contained metrology wafer carrier systems and methods of measuring one or more characteristics of semiconductor wafers are provided. A wafer carrier system includes, for instance, a housing configured for transport within the automated material handling system, the housing having a support configured to support a semiconductor wafer in the housing, and a metrology system disposed within the housing, the metrology system operable to measure at least one characteristic of the wafer, the metrology system comprising a sensing unit and a computing unit operably connected to the sensing unit. Also provided are methods of measuring one or more characteristics of a semiconductor wafer within the wafer carrier systems of the present disclosure.

A system and a method for calculating and assigning one or more indicative properties (e.g., cetane number, pour point, cloud point, aniline point) of a fraction of an oil sample based on an index calculated and assigned based on near infrared spectroscopy data of the sample.

An optical method of measurement and an optical apparatus for determining the spatial position of at least one luminous object on a sample. A sequence of at least two compact luminous distributions of different topological families is projected onto the sample, and light re-emitted by the luminous object is detected. At least one optical image is generated for each luminous distribution on the basis of the light detected. The optical images are analyzed to obtain spatiotemporal information regarding the light re-emitted by the luminous object, or location of the luminous object.

An ellipsometer, polarimeter and the like system operating in the infrared spectral range (0.75 um to 1000 .Math.m), utilizing a tunable quantum cascade laser (QCL) source with the capability if reducing speckle and standing wave effects, dual-rotatable optical elements, a single-point detector, as well as optional means of reducing the size of the probe beam at the measurement surface and optional chopper for lock-in detection.

Multi-layered targets, design files and design and production methods thereof are provided. The multi-layered targets comprise process layers arranged to have parallel segmentation features at specified regions, and target layer comprising target elements which are perpendicular to the parallel segmentation features of the process layers at the specified regions.

A method for characterizing the uniformity of a material includes selecting a set of size scales at which to measure uniformity within an area of interest in an image of the material; suppressing features in the image smaller than a selected size scale of interest within the set of size scales; dividing the image into patches equal to the size scale of interest; and calculating a uniformity value within each patch.

An imaging assembly and processing system that includes a sample platform having a target region which can hold a sample, where the sample can be marked with fluorescent or phosphorescent markers. The imaging assembly can have an excitation light module proximate to the sample platform that emits light to excite the markers, and a lens module positioned to receive emission light from excited markers in target region. At least one series filter assembly or interference filter can be arranged in front of, behind, or both in front of and behind the lens module. The assembly includes a light sensor and a processor and imaging module configured to process data captured by the light sensor. Images of the sample are generated based on the emission light from the sample that transmit through and are filtered by the lens assembly and series filter assembly or interference filter.

A cell analyzer and a particle sorting method and device are disclosed. The method comprises: acquiring a pulse width of at least one optical signal according to a detected optical signal, selecting at least one optical signal as a combined optical signal, and respectively calculating a signal intensity of the combined optical signal with the pulse width in a combinatorial way to obtain at least one reinforcement signal, where a difference between a first category of particles and a second categories of particles in the reinforcement signal is increased relative to a difference therebetween in the combined optical signal; and on the basis of the reinforcement signal and at least another signal, forming a new scatter diagram, where the at least another signal is one of other reinforcement signals and the optical signal, distinguishing the first category of particles from the second category of particles according to the new scatter diagram.

A detection particle suitable for multiplex detection of biomolecules, including a microcarrier with an encoding function, detection microparticles connected to the microcarrier, where the detection microparticle is suitable for light-initiated chemiluminescent detection. A multifunctional detection particle integrating encoding identification, magnetic separation, and light-initiated chemiluminescent detection functions was prepared. And an imaging detection and analysis device for the multifunctional detection particle was provided. The provided detection particle suitable for multiplex detection of biomolecules can realize a highly sensitive, fast, and washing-free multiplex detection method, which greatly increases the types of biomolecules that can be detected by a single reaction, and can remove unreacted signal labeled molecules without washing during the whole process, thus simplifying experimental steps, and improving detection efficiency. The method is suitable for the detection of proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules.

This disclosure concerns methods and apparatus for interferometric spectroscopic measurements of particles with higher signal to noise ratio utilizing an infrared light beam that is split into two beams. At least one beam may be directed through a measurement volume containing a sample including a medium. The two beams may then be recombined and measured by a detector. The phase differential between the two beams may be selected to provide destructive interference when no particle is present in the measurement volume. A sample including medium with a particle is introduced to the measurement volume and the detected change resulting from at least one of resonant mid-infrared absorption, non-resonant mid-infrared absorption, and scattering by the particle may be used to determine a property of the particle. A wide range of properties of particles may be determined, wherein the particles may include living cells.