Disclosed herein is a method of identifying and/or addressing incipient preeclampsia in a patient-subject by the steps of (a) performing a bioassay to determine the level of at least one sialyl Lewis antigen in a said patient-subject at about 25 weeks of pregnancy or earlier; (b) performing a bioassay to determine the level of at least one sialyl Lewis antigen in a pregnant non-preeclampsia one or more subjects at about 30 weeks of pregnancy or later, wherein said at least one sialyl Lewis antigen assay is for a sialyl Lewis antigen assayed in step (a) is and if more than one subject is assayed, averaging said results; and (c) managing said patient-subject for preeclampsia, if said level of at least one sialyl Lewis antigen of step (a) is at or greater than about 20% above the level of such silalyl Lewis antigen assayed in step (b).

The invention relates to methods for the quantification of glycoproteins in a sample, comprising quantifying said glycoproteins by comparison with an internal standard, wherein said internal standard comprises variant forms of said glycoproteins, wherein said variant forms contain only core Asn-linked GlcNAc moieties.

The present invention relates to a separable cassette for measuring glycated hemoglobin. It is easy to use the separable cassette for measuring glycated hemoglobin of the present invention since a reagent is sequentially leaked during the rotation thereof. In addition, there is no need to shake the reagent beforehand, as the reagent without residual reagent is fully discharged by the rotation. Therefore, the measurement result is accurate because an error between the amount of the reagent used and the amount of sample blood is small.

Disclosed herein is a method for verifying the primary structure of a protein through comparative analyses between ion clusters observed in mass spectra and a series of simulated ion clusters deduced from its putative chemical formula. The method comprises the steps of: preparing a protein sample for mass spectrometric analyses; collecting mass spectra of the protein sample; obtaining master ion cluster from a plurality of ion clusters in the mass spectra; producing a series of simulated ion clusters according to the chemical formula of the protein; finding the best fit for the master ion cluster among the series of simulated ion clusters; and verifying if said best-fit simulated ion cluster corresponds to the chemical formula of the protein.

Predicting recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation. The disclosure indeed discloses a set of biomarkers present in a serum sample taken from a HCC patient before liver transplantation, which can be used to assess recurrence of HCC after liver transplantation. More specifically, the disclosure discloses a process to predict the recurrence of HCC after liver transplantation via determining the amount of at least four specific N-glycans in a serum sample.

The present invention describes methods of determining the glycosylation signature and determining the level of a protein in a sample obtained from a patient. The present invention also describes use of a patient protein glycosylation profile to identify the presence or absence of a disease in subjects.

The invention concerns the identification of specific polypeptides, fragments variants thereof which can be used as markers for the efficacy of immunotherapy, particular for predicting responsiveness of a patient to immunotherapy.

A glycopeptide analyzer that performs a structural analysis on glycoforms of a glycoprotein, including: a spectrum creator creating an MS/MS spectrum for each elution time based on data acquired by an LC/MS analysis of a sample containing glycopeptides originating from a target glycoprotein; a peptide mass calculator selecting a glycopeptide-related spectrum from a plurality of MS/MS spectra and calculating the mass of a peptide from the selected spectrum; a similarity determiner determining a similarity between the glycopeptide-related spectrum and each of the other MS/MS spectra; an elution-time range estimator estimating an elution-time range based on a distribution of the frequency of occurrence of an MS/MS spectrum for which a high level of similarity has been determined on a time axis; and a glycan composition estimator selecting an ion peak corresponding to a mass equal to or greater than a peptide mass and estimating a glycan composition based on the peak.

Provided is a method for analyzing a sample containing a sialic-acid-containing glycan including a sialic-acid-linkage specific modification, based on mass spectrum data of the sample, including steps of: detecting, from the mass spectrum data, a representative peak for each isotope peak cluster; detecting, from the representative peaks, an isomer peak cluster including multiple ion peaks estimated to be identical in the number of sialic acids and the glycan composition exclusive of the sialic acids; estimating a glycan composition for each representative peak according to predetermined glycan search conditions; creating a mass spectrum with an annotation added for each isomer peak cluster to indicate a correspondence between each peak in one cluster and a peak in a mass spectrum, and displaying the annotated mass spectrum on a display section; and creating a table relating each estimated glycan-composition candidate to an isomer peak cluster, and displaying the table on the display section.

The present invention relates to methods for diagnosing and/or predicting the risk of developing autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in a subject. The methods are based on the inventors' identification of a novel biomarker for AIH. The invention further comprises the use of said biomarker in the methods disclosed herein, and kits comprising agents for detecting said biomarker. The invention also relates to a method of treating AIH in a subject, wherein the subject has been diagnosed with AIH or determined to be at risk of developing AIH using the methods disclosed herein.