The probe assembly operates with a circuit board test apparatus and includes a main test probe and a secondary test probes. The probe assembly is capable of moving in X, Y and Z directions relative to a circuit board being tested (UUT). The two test probes are movable linearly relative to each other and rotatable together so as to accurately locate the two probes on selected pins on the UUT, for receiving signals from the selected pins. The received signals are transmitted to a display apparatus.

A testing apparatus for a semiconductor package includes a circuit board, testing patterns and a socket. The circuit board has a testing region and includes a plurality of testing contacts and a plurality of signal contacts distributed in the testing region. The testing patterns are embedded in the circuit board and electrically connected to the testing contacts, where each of the testing patterns includes a first conductive line and a second conductive line including a main portion and a branch portion connected to main portion. The first conductive line is connected to the main portion. The socket is located on the circuit board and comprising connectors electrically connected to the circuit board, wherein the connectors are configured to transmit electric signals for testing the semiconductor package from the testing apparatus.

Disclosed herein is a control circuit of an isolated power supply including a first transformer and a primary-side transistor connected to a primary winding of the first transformer. The control circuit includes a timing generator that generates a timing signal with reference to an edge of a switching signal generated on a secondary side of the isolated power supply, a sampling circuit that, in response to the timing signal, samples an electric signal to be monitored, the electric signal to be monitored being an electric signal on the secondary side of the isolated power supply, and a feedback controller that, based on an output of the sampling circuit, generates a primary-side pulse signal to be supplied to the primary-side transistor.

A current limit protecting system and method of a motor pre-driver are provided. A current limiting circuit detects a current of a resistor that is connected to a motor, and then compares the current of the resistor with a current threshold to output a current comparing signal. When a controller circuit determines that the current of the resistor is larger than the current threshold according to the current comparing signal, and a working period of a first signal of a first node or a working period of a second signal of a second node of the motor reaches a preset value, a first high-side switch and a second high-side switch are turned off, and a first low-side switch and a second low-side switch are alternately turned on. As a result, a temperature of the motor generally reduces.

The disclosed apparatus and method is a closed loop system that obtains, stores and transfers motive energy. Preferably, the majority of the electricity generated is utilized to service a load or supplied to the grid. A portion of the electric power produced is used to recharge the batteries for subsequent use of the electric motor. The system controls and manages the battery power by controlling the charging and discharging of the battery reservoir via a series of electrical and mechanical innovations controlled by electronic instruction using a series of devices to analyze, optimize and perform power production and charging functions in sequence to achieve its purpose.

Provided is a novel power conversion device that enables estimation of a temperature of a power device without using a temperature sensing diode and can accurately estimate a temperature and a current of a current sensing element that observes a main current. A measurement voltage (Vref) is applied between source terminals (31s and 49s) of a main control element 31 and a current sensing element 49 in a state in which the main control element 31 and the current sensing element 49 are turned off, and a temperature of a power device 30 is estimated from a current (Ib) flowing between the source terminals (31s and 49s) of the main control element 31 and the current sensing element 49 at the time of the application by using the fact that a resistance value of a semiconductor substrate between the source terminals of the main control element 31 and the current sensing element 49 has temperature dependency.

A battery management apparatus includes: an inverter connected to a battery cell and configured to convert a DC current output from the battery cell into an AC current according to an operation state of a plurality of switches provided therein; a measuring unit connected to a diagnosis line at which the AC current converted by the inverter is output, the measuring unit being configured to measure a voltage of the diagnosis line and output the measurement result; and a control unit having a plurality of capacitors connected to the diagnosis line and configured to control the operation state of the plurality of switches, receive the measurement result output from the measuring unit and diagnose a state of the plurality of capacitors based on the received measurement result.

The mounting area for an electronic component and a resistor for current detection is reduced. A current detection resistor for detecting current includes a plate-like resistive body, and a first electrode and an opposite second electrode which are stacked in a thickness direction of the resistive body and are disposed so as to sandwich the resistive body. The first electrode has a groove portion.

The mounting area for an electronic component and a resistor for current detection is reduced. A current detection resistor for detecting current includes a plate-like resistive body, and a first electrode and an opposite second electrode which are stacked in a thickness direction of the resistive body and are disposed so as to sandwich the resistive body. The first electrode has a groove portion.

A test system for measuring electrical current consumption of a device under test (DUT) includes a capacitor with power and ground terminals; a voltage regulator with input and output terminals; first and second switching elements; and a controller. The voltage regulator generates a DUT operating voltage based on its input voltage. The first switching element is arranged between a direct current (DC) voltage source and the regulator input, and the second switching element is arranged between the DC voltage source and the capacitor. The controller operates the switching elements to charge the capacitor, and to configure the test system for measuring operating current of the DUT using the capacitor as the power source.