Provided is a current measuring apparatus including a current measuring resistor that includes a resistive element and first and second electrodes fixed to the resistive element, the current measuring resistor being adapted to measure a current, and an electronic circuit component including a plurality of terminals. One of the first electrode or the second electrode is used to short at least two of the terminals of the electronic circuit component.

An apparatus for detecting a wiring short in a substrate includes a voltage source configured to apply a rising or falling measurement voltage to a first wiring of a substrate, a plurality of electrodes including first and second electrode elements capacitively coupled to the first and second wirings of the substrate, respectively, a sensing circuit configured to generate an output voltage based on a voltage or a current between the first and second electrode elements, and a processor configured to determine whether a short circuit connection having a resistance value greater than a reference resistance value is present between the first and second wirings based on a change rate of the output voltage after application of the measurement voltage. Methods for detecting wiring shorts in the substrate are further provided.

A power storage apparatus includes a charge and discharge controller. To start a voltage increasing operation in a state where a smoothing capacitor is not charged, the charge and discharge controller supplies a nonrestrictive current to a voltage increasing and decreasing circuit after charging the smoothing capacitor with a restrictive current. When a second direct-current voltage is supplied to a second terminal, the charge and discharge controller charges the smoothing capacitor with an increased voltage by the voltage increasing operation after charging the smoothing capacitor with the restrictive current, reduces a potential difference between the charge voltage in the smoothing capacitor and the second direct-current voltage, and then closes a switch circuit.

A high voltage line post sensor for a high voltage power distribution system having a high voltage power transmission line for transmitting electrical power at a high voltage includes a voltage line sensor. The voltage line sensor includes a high voltage high resistance circuit including a first high voltage high resistance resistor coupled to the high voltage power transmission line and a second high voltage high resistance resistor coupled to the high voltage power transmission line in parallel to the first resistor; and a low voltage low resistance circuit coupled in series between the high voltage high resistance circuit and a reference voltage. The line post sensor also includes a body surrounding and encasing the high voltage high resistance circuit and the low voltage low resistance circuit.

A resistance measuring device includes an amplifying unit including an amplifier, a first and a second current supply unit, a voltage detection unit, and a controller. The controller controls the voltage detection unit to detect a first output voltage of an output terminal of the amplifier in a state where the current of the first current source flows in a forward direction to a measurement target resistor by controlling the first current supply unit, controls the voltage detection unit to detect a second output voltage of the output terminal of the amplifier in a state where the current of the second current source flows in a reverse direction to the measurement target resistor by controlling the second current supply unit, and calculates a resistance value of the measurement target resistor based on the detected first output voltage and the detected second output voltage.

A sensor circuit usable with capacitive sensors in an electrical potential sensing network is provided. The sensor circuit provides bias current while maintaining a high input impedance for signals in a frequency band of interest by positive feedback of a filtered measurement through a finite impedance. The sensor circuits are suited for technologies such as, but not limited to electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG) and electrocardiograms (ECG). A neurofeedback system utilizing the capacitive conduction sensor is also described.

A nested ammeter for measuring the electrical current flowing through a device under test (DUT) can include an input configured to receive an input signal having a frequency within a frequency band and representing the electrical current flowing through the DUT. The nested ammeter can also include an output configured to generate an output voltage representing the electrical current flowing through the DUT. An active shunt can be used as the resistive feedback of the ammeter. A nested active shunt can be used as the resistive feedback element of the active shunt.

A circuit for receiving the output from one of either a current transformer or a di/dt sensor includes: an input pair having a first input and a second input; a first output; a second output; a current transformer input circuit connected between the first input and the second input; and a di/dt sensor input circuit connected between the first input and the second input. The current transformer input circuit is configured to receive output from a current transformer connected to the input pair and to output a signal representative of the current sensed thereby via the first output. The di/dt sensor input circuit is configured to receive output from a di/dt sensor connected to the input pair and to output a signal representative of the current or time rate of change of the current sensed thereby via the second output.

Techniques are provided to facilitate current sensing recovery for imaging systems and methods. In one example, a device includes a detector configured to detect electromagnetic radiation and generate a detection signal based on the detected electromagnetic radiation. The device further includes a current sensing circuit configured to provide, based on the detection signal, a first signal. The device further includes a signal generator configured to provide a second signal to adjust a bandwidth associated with the current sensing circuit. The device further includes an imaging integration circuit configured to generate an image of at least a portion of a scene based at least in part on the first signal. Related methods and systems are also provided.

A voltage divider circuit comprises: a resistive divider circuit portion comprising at least first and second resistors (R.sub.1, R.sub.2), wherein said first and second resistors are connected in series and are arranged to provide a refresh voltage (V.sub.refresh) at a refresh node therebetween; a capacitive divider circuit portion comprising at least first and second capacitors (C.sub.1, C.sub.2), wherein said first and second capacitors are connected in series and are arranged to provide an output voltage (V.sub.out) at an output node therebetween; and a switching circuit portion arranged intermittently to switch the voltage divider circuit arrangement between a first mode wherein the resistive divider circuit portion is enabled and the output node is connected to the refresh node, and a second mode wherein the resistive divider circuit portion is disabled and the output node is not connected to the refresh node.