A wide input voltage range power converter circuit in a one-stage-two-switch configuration has a power input terminal, a switch node connected to the power input terminal, a transformer, two electronic switches, a pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit, and an output circuit. An input side of the transformer has a first winding and a second winding that are connected to the switch node. An output side of the transformer has an output winding. A turns ratio between the first winding and the output winding is different from a turns ratio between the second winding and the output winding. The two electronic switches are respectively connected to the first winding and the second winding in series. The PWM circuit is connected to the power input terminal and control terminals of the two electronic switches. The output circuit is connected to the output winding.

An electronic fuse circuit includes an electronic switch with a load current path coupled between an output node and a supply node and that connects or disconnects the output node and the supply node in accordance with a drive signal. The circuit includes a control circuit to generate the drive signal based on an input signal. A monitoring circuit is included in the control circuit to receive a current sense signal representing the load current passing through the load current path and to determine a first protection signal based on the current sense signal and a wire parameter. The first protection signal is indicative of whether to disconnect the output node from supply node. The control circuit changes from normal mode to idle mode when the load current is below a given current threshold and another criterion is fulfilled.

A control system for controlling an adjustable output voltage provided to a heater includes a controller configured to determine an input parameter based on an electrical characteristic of the heater, where the heater includes a resistive heating element that is operable to emit heat and as a sensor. The controller is further configured to determine an output voltage for the heater based on the input parameter and a desired setpoint, and to transmit a signal to a power converter to generate the output voltage. The desired setpoint is based on an operational state of the heater, and the input parameter includes data indicative of a temperature of the resistive heating element that is determined based on the electrical characteristic.

A checking apparatus for checking a number of start-up cycles of a detection device of a motor vehicle includes an electrical switching device for providing an electrical sensor supply for the detection device and includes a contact device for electrically contacting the electrical switching device with the detection device. The electrical switching device has a comparator circuit and, by way of the comparator circuit, a continuous wake up test of the detection device is carried out and thus the number of start cycles is checked.

A current measurement apparatus for a three-phase inverter, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a current detection element connected to a lower end of one of three lower switches constituting the inverter; a current measurement unit measuring currents by using the current detection element and the two lower switches that are not connected to the current detection element; and a current correction unit for correcting, on the basis of the relationship between a first current value measured by means of the current detection element and second and third current values measured by means of the two lower switches, the second and third current values.

A memory system includes a connector through which power for the memory system is to be supplied from an external device, a controller, a nonvolatile memory device, a power source circuit connected to the controller and the nonvolatile memory device by power lines through which power is supplied to the controller and the nonvolatile memory device, and a power source control circuit that receives a supply of power from the external device through the connector and supplies the power to the power control circuit. The power source control circuit is configured to detect using a divided voltage of a voltage of the power supplied thereto, that the voltage of the power supplied thereto is higher than a predetermined voltage and interrupt the power supplied to the power control circuit if the voltage of the power supplied thereto is higher than the predetermined voltage.

A memory system includes a connector through which power for the memory system is to be supplied from an external device, a controller, a nonvolatile memory device, a power source circuit connected to the controller and the nonvolatile memory device by power lines through which power is supplied to the controller and the nonvolatile memory device, and a power source control circuit that receives a supply of power from the external device through the connector and supplies the power to the power control circuit. The power source control circuit is configured to detect using a divided voltage of a voltage of the power supplied thereto, that the voltage of the power supplied thereto is higher than a predetermined voltage and interrupt the power supplied to the power control circuit if the voltage of the power supplied thereto is higher than the predetermined voltage.

An electrode wear amount predicting system of a spark plug, includes: at least one ignition coil that includes a primary coil and a secondary coil; a spark plug that generates a spark discharge by a discharge current generated by the ignition coil and includes a center electrode and a ground electrode; a sensing portion measuring a current applied to the primary coil; and a controller that determines a wear state of the center electrode and the ground electrode according to an amount of the current applied to the primary coil detected by the sensing portion when an electrode wear amount predicting condition is satisfied.

A switch control unit and optical control unit, including: a digital-to-analog converter, being switchable between being coupled to a first sensing unit and being coupled to a drive unit, through a common contact pad; a sensing contact pad, coupled to a second sensing unit; an analog-to-digital converter, for sensing voltages at the contact pads when coupled to the sensing units, wherein each of the sensing units has a minimum working voltage level; and a loop switching unit, coupled between the common contact pad, the analog-to-digital converter, and the sensing contact pad, wherein when the voltage at the common contact pad is substantially higher than the minimum working voltage level, the loop switching unit conducts the common contact pad to the analog-to-digital converter to sense the voltage at the common contact pad, and the digital-to-analog converter enters a high-impedance state such that the digital-to-analog converter does not sense the voltage at the common contact pad.

A method for monitoring an ideal diode comprises controlling a source-gate voltage of a MOSFET of the ideal diode such that the ideal diode can be changed between an off and an on state with a first target value for a source-drain voltage. To detect error states, the source-drain voltage and the source-gate voltage are measured. A check is carried out to determine whether the source-drain voltage reaches the first target value within predefined error limits in the on state. A test mode is carried out, in which a second target value which smaller than the first target value is set for the source-drain voltage. A check is carried out to determine whether the source-gate voltage reaches an upper threshold value when the test mode is being carried out. An error signal is output when the first target value and/or the upper threshold value is/are not reached.