An energy monitoring device includes a power supply circuit electrically coupled to a power source via a hot conductor and a load via a load conductor; a relay circuit including a relay and a relay driver circuit, where the relay includes a plurality of coils and the relay contact electrically coupled to the hot conductor and the load conductor; a sensing circuit including a hot voltage sensor and a load voltage sensor; and a controller electrically coupled to the power supply circuit, the relay driver circuit, and the sensing circuit, and structured to receive a hot voltage from the hot voltage sensor and a load voltage from the load voltage sensor, and determine a load current based at least in part on a relay contact resistance of the relay contact and a delta between the hot voltage and the load voltage.

A current transducer for measuring the current flowing through an electrical conductor includes: a current sensor for detecting a current intensity through the electrical conductor; and an evaluation device for evaluating measured values detected by the current sensor and determining an energy flow direction as a determined energy flow direction. The current intensity is output in a positive or negative output range of an output unit depending on the determined energy flow direction.

A current transducer for measuring the current flowing through an electrical conductor includes: a current sensor for detecting a current intensity through the electrical conductor; and an evaluation device for evaluating measured values detected by the current sensor and determining an energy flow direction as a determined energy flow direction. The current intensity is output in a positive or negative output range of an output unit depending on the determined energy flow direction.

An electrical panel adapter for an enclosure that is formed of at least one panel includes a main unit having a front portion and a rear portion. The rear portion is positioned inside the enclosure and includes a first plurality of electrical connections adapted to connect to electrical wires and/or equipment located inside the enclosure. The front portion extends through an aperture in the at least one panel and includes a second plurality of electrical connections adapted to connect to one or more electrical devices located outside the enclosure for measurement of both voltage and current inside the enclosure. The second plurality of electrical connections are electrically coupled to the first plurality of electrical connections. The electrical panel adapter enables electrical devices outside the enclosure to be electrically coupled to the electrical wires and/or equipment inside the enclosure without requiring the enclosure to be opened.

An electrical panel adapter for an enclosure that is formed of at least one panel includes a main unit having a front portion and a rear portion. The rear portion is positioned inside the enclosure and includes a first plurality of electrical connections adapted to connect to electrical wires and/or equipment located inside the enclosure. The front portion extends through an aperture in the at least one panel and includes a second plurality of electrical connections adapted to connect to one or more electrical devices located outside the enclosure for measurement of both voltage and current inside the enclosure. The second plurality of electrical connections are electrically coupled to the first plurality of electrical connections. The electrical panel adapter enables electrical devices outside the enclosure to be electrically coupled to the electrical wires and/or equipment inside the enclosure without requiring the enclosure to be opened.

The invention relates to a method for the external monitoring of a converter (10), the converter (10) being controlled by means of a first electronic control system (12) and the method being implemented by means of a second electronic control system (14) which is independent from the first electronic control system (12). Said method comprises detection (S1) of a current (I) received by the converter (10) and a voltage (U) received by the converter (10) by means of a current/voltage sensor device (16) which is independent from the first electronic control system (12). The invention also relates to a device for monitoring a converter (10), to a computer program product, to a machine-readable storage medium, to a drive train of a motor vehicle, and to a corresponding motor vehicle.

The invention relates to a method for the external monitoring of a converter (10), the converter (10) being controlled by means of a first electronic control system (12) and the method being implemented by means of a second electronic control system (14) which is independent from the first electronic control system (12). Said method comprises detection (S1) of a current (I) received by the converter (10) and a voltage (U) received by the converter (10) by means of a current/voltage sensor device (16) which is independent from the first electronic control system (12). The invention also relates to a device for monitoring a converter (10), to a computer program product, to a machine-readable storage medium, to a drive train of a motor vehicle, and to a corresponding motor vehicle.

A measuring circuit for determining the magnitude of a current flowing through a conductor, the measuring circuit having an input terminal pair that can be connected to the current transformer with a first switch, which connects a measuring resistor between the input terminals in a current measuring position, and which, in a voltage measuring position, separates the measuring resistor from at least one of the input terminals, and having an output terminal pair, at which, alternatively, a voltage-dependent measuring voltage present at the input terminal pair or a current-dependent measuring voltage present at a first measuring point of the measuring resistor can be tapped. The measuring circuit includes a changeover switch which can be switched synchronously with the switch. The changeover switch is used to connect an output terminal to the first measuring point in the current measuring position, and to the second measuring point in the voltage measuring position.

A measuring circuit for determining the magnitude of a current flowing through a conductor, the measuring circuit having an input terminal pair that can be connected to the current transformer with a first switch, which connects a measuring resistor between the input terminals in a current measuring position, and which, in a voltage measuring position, separates the measuring resistor from at least one of the input terminals, and having an output terminal pair, at which, alternatively, a voltage-dependent measuring voltage present at the input terminal pair or a current-dependent measuring voltage present at a first measuring point of the measuring resistor can be tapped. The measuring circuit includes a changeover switch which can be switched synchronously with the switch. The changeover switch is used to connect an output terminal to the first measuring point in the current measuring position, and to the second measuring point in the voltage measuring position.

The present invention provides a multi ground line disconnection inspection device as a device for inspecting whether a plurality of ground lines that are connected to a ground node of an electronic control device are disconnected, including a plurality of test lines having one end connected to a plurality of ground lines, respectively, a plurality of connection switches connected to the ground node and the other end of a plurality of test lines, respectively, a plurality of test power supplies for applying test voltages to a plurality of test nodes respectively positioned on a plurality of test lines, respectively, and a determination unit for determining whether a plurality of ground lines are disconnected by detecting voltages of a plurality of test nodes.