For calculating load resistance, a pulse generation module drives a pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter in response to a control voltage. The PWM inverter includes a U phase pole, a V phase pole, and a W phase pole. Each U, V, and W phase pole includes an upper pole device and a lower pole device. The PWM inverter turns off the U phase pole, turns on the W upper pole device, turns off the W lower pole device, and applies the control voltage to the V upper pole device and the V lower pole device. A forward drop correction module corrects the control voltage based on a feedforward compensation voltage determined from a forward voltage drop. A load resistance module calculates a load resistance for a load based on an average control voltage, an average bus voltage, and an average load feedback current.

The invention relates to an apparatus and method for tracking energy consumption. An energy tracking system comprises at least one switching element, at least one inductor and a control block to keep the output voltage at a pre-selected level. The switching elements are configured to apply the source of energy to the inductors. The control block compares the output voltage of the energy tracking system to a reference value and controls the switching of the switched elements in order to transfer energy for the primary voltage into a secondary voltage at the output of the energy tracking system. The electronic device further comprises an ON-time and OFF-time generator and an accumulator wherein the control block is coupled to receive a signal from the ON-time and OFF-time generator and generates switching signals for the at least one switching element in the form of ON-time pulses with a constant width ON-time.

The invention relates to an apparatus and method for tracking energy consumption. An energy tracking system comprises at least one switching element, at least one inductor and a control block to keep the output voltage at a pre-selected level. The switching elements are configured to apply the source of energy to the inductors. The control block compares the output voltage of the energy tracking system to a reference value and controls the switching of the switched elements in order to transfer energy for the primary voltage into a secondary voltage at the output of the energy tracking system. The electronic device further comprises an ON-time and OFF-time generator and an accumulator wherein the control block is coupled to receive a signal from the ON-time and OFF-time generator and generates switching signals for the at least one switching element in the form of ON-time pulses with a constant width ON-time.

A power-meter includes a digital signal processor (DSP) configured to determine a respective consumed energy within each of a plurality of predetermined contiguous time intervals, a dequantizer, and a pulse generator. The dequantizer is configured to, for each time interval, determine a sum of a remainder and the consumed energy, calculate an integer pulse-count by dividing the sum of the remainder and the consumed energy by a predetermined pulse-quantum, calculate a new remainder by subtracting the product of the integer pulse-count and the pulse-quantum from the sum, and replace the remainder by the new remainder The pulse generator is configured to, for each time interval, generate the integer pulse-count number of pulses of an indicator signal.

A voltage-to-time converter circuit receives a first voltage signal and produces a PWM-modulated signal having a duty-cycle proportional to the first voltage signal. A current integrator circuit receives the PWM-modulated signal from the voltage-to-time converter circuit block and produces an output signal by integrating a current signal from a current source over integration time intervals having a duration which is a function of the duty-cycle of the PWM-modulated signal. The current signal is proportional to a second voltage signal. The output signal is accordingly proportional to a product of the first voltage signal and the current signal, which is furthermore proportional to a product of the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal.

For calculating load resistance, a pulse generation module drives a pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter in response to a control voltage. The PWM inverter includes a U phase pole, a V phase pole, and a W phase pole. Each U, V, and W phase pole includes an upper pole device and a lower pole device. The PWM inverter turns off the U phase pole, turns on the W upper pole device, turns off the W lower pole device, and applies the control voltage to the V upper pole device and the V lower pole device. A forward drop correction module corrects the control voltage based on a feedforward compensation voltage determined from a forward voltage drop. A load resistance module calculates a load resistance for a load based on an average control voltage, an average bus voltage, and an average load feedback current.

The invention relates to an apparatus and method for tracking energy consumption. An energy tracking system comprises at least one switching element, at least one inductor and a control block to keep the output voltage at a pre-selected level. The switching elements are configured to apply the source of energy to the inductors. The control block compares the output voltage of the energy tracking system to a reference value and controls the switching of the switched elements in order to transfer energy for the primary voltage into a secondary voltage at the output of the energy tracking system. The electronic device further comprises an ON-time and OFF-time generator and an accumulator wherein the control block is coupled to receive a signal from the ON-time and OFF-time generator and generates switching signals for the at least one switching element in the form of ON-time pulses with a constant width ON-time.

The invention relates to an apparatus and method for tracking energy consumption. An energy tracking system comprises at least one switching element, at least one inductor and a control block to keep the output voltage at a pre-selected level. The switching elements are configured to apply the source of energy to the inductors. The control block compares the output voltage of the energy tracking system to a reference value and controls the switching of the switched elements in order to transfer energy for the primary voltage into a secondary voltage at the output of the energy tracking system. The electronic device further comprises an ON-time and OFF-time generator and an accumulator wherein the control block is coupled to receive a signal from the ON-time and OFF-time generator and generates switching signals for the at least one switching element in the form of ON-time pulses with a constant width ON-time.

An electronic device includes an input power detection unit, a transmission control unit and a converter. The input power detection unit is configured to determine an input voltage value and an input current value of an input power. In response to the input power, the transmission control unit is configured to determine a first voltage value and a first current value associated with another electronic device via a handshake process. The voltage converter is configured to convert the input power into a first power required by the another electronic device.

An electronic device includes an input power detection unit, a transmission control unit and a converter. The input power detection unit is configured to determine an input voltage value and an input current value of an input power. In response to the input power, the transmission control unit is configured to determine a first voltage value and a first current value associated with another electronic device via a handshake process. The voltage converter is configured to convert the input power into a first power required by the another electronic device.