A radiotherapy dose rate monitor system includes an emitting electrode configured to be impinged by radiotherapy radiation; a collecting electrode configured to form an electrical circuit with said emitting electrode, a current measurement device configured to measure a current through said emitting and collecting electrodes indicative of a dose of said radiotherapy radiation, and a chamber enclosing a gas. Emission of secondary electrons from the emitting electrode provides a majority of the current.

The invention provides energy-sensitive adducts of acetylenic compounds having at least 25 carbons and at least one substance, compositions comprising these adducts, and industrial applications thereof including radiation dosimetry and the like. The adducts and compositions thereof have sensitivity towards energy derived from sources of radiation such as ionizing radiation, electromagnetic radiation, or heat.

The X-ray structure of a salt of n-butanoic acid and morpholine showing two different hydrogen bonding interactions

The invention provides energy-sensitive adducts of acetylenic compounds having at least 25 carbons and at least one substance, compositions comprising these adducts, and industrial applications thereof including radiation dosimetry and the like. The adducts and compositions thereof have sensitivity towards energy derived from sources of radiation such as ionizing radiation, electromagnetic radiation, or heat.

The X-ray structure of a salt of n-butanoic acid and morpholine showing two different hydrogen bonding interactions

A radiation imaging apparatus comprises an imaging unit including an effective region including pixels for generating a radiation image based on irradiated radiation and a receptor field region including pixels for measuring a dose of the radiation, and a control unit configured to output a signal for controlling irradiation of the radiation by comparing the measured dose with a threshold. An effective region index representing the effective region and a receptor field index representing the receptor field region are identifiably formed on a radiation incident surface of the imaging unit.

A radiation imaging apparatus comprises an imaging unit including an effective region including pixels for generating a radiation image based on irradiated radiation and a receptor field region including pixels for measuring a dose of the radiation, and a control unit configured to output a signal for controlling irradiation of the radiation by comparing the measured dose with a threshold. An effective region index representing the effective region and a receptor field index representing the receptor field region are identifiably formed on a radiation incident surface of the imaging unit.

A method for radiation dosage measurement includes: (1) exposing a plurality of single-poly floating gate sensor cells to radiation; (2) measuring threshold voltage differences between logical pairs of the exposed sensor cells using differential read operations, wherein the sensor cells of each logical pair are separated by a distance large enough that radiation impinging on one of the sensor cells does not influence the other sensor cell; (3) determining whether each logical pair of exposed sensor cells is influenced by exposure to the radiation in response to the corresponding measured threshold voltage difference; and (4) determining a dosage of the radiation in response to the number of logical pairs of the exposed sensor cells determined to be influenced by exposure to the radiation. A non-radiation influenced threshold voltage shift may be measured and used in determining whether each logical pair of exposed sensor cells is influenced by radiation exposure.

There are provided a radiation detector capable of detecting radiation without occurrence of dead time while maintaining an exposure state in which radiation enters continuously, and an X-ray analysis apparatus and a radiation detection method using the radiation detector. A radiation detector 100 that detects radiation in synchronization with an external apparatus 200, includes: a sensor 110 that generates pulses when radiation particles are detected; a plurality of counters 140a, 140b provided so as to be able to count the pulses; and a control circuit 160 configured to switch a counter to count the pulses among the plurality of counters 140a, 140b, when receiving a synchronization signal from the external apparatus 200.

A system and method of protecting individuals from ionizing energy is provided. The system can determine and monitor the location of an individual, relative to a source of ionizing energy. The system can determine patterns of ionizing energy expected to be generated by an expected emission from the source. The system can then determine if an individual is within a “danger” zone in which the individual is expected to receive a dose of ionizing energy above an acceptable or prescribed amount. The system may also determine if an individual is outside of an optimal zone in which the individual is expected to receive less than a predetermined dose of ionizing energy without being unnecessarily distant from a working area. The system can provide a warning or initiate other actions when an individual is within a danger zone or an inefficient zone.

A system and method of protecting individuals from ionizing energy is provided. The system can determine and monitor the location of an individual, relative to a source of ionizing energy. The system can determine patterns of ionizing energy expected to be generated by an expected emission from the source. The system can then determine if an individual is within a “danger” zone in which the individual is expected to receive a dose of ionizing energy above an acceptable or prescribed amount. The system may also determine if an individual is outside of an optimal zone in which the individual is expected to receive less than a predetermined dose of ionizing energy without being unnecessarily distant from a working area. The system can provide a warning or initiate other actions when an individual is within a danger zone or an inefficient zone.

Systems and methods for providing a real time visualization of scattered radiation in a medical facility are provided. A number of visualization devices such as augmented reality (“AR”) tracking devices, electronic displays, or projection devices are in electronic communication with a controller and configured to generate a visualization of scattered radiation. Position data is received from the position sensors associated with individuals in the medical facility, the AR tracking devices, radiation producing medical equipment, or radiation scattering medical equipment, and the visualization is adjusted accordingly.