A method of follow-up decontamination operation for the polluted storage canister of a high activity nuclear waste storage facility, using needle and steel brushes driven by pneumatic tools for abrading the bottom and the inner wall of the storage canister to remove contaminants, a multi-level filter system for air filtration and removing pollutants in the storage canister, and a cover to be used in association with the pneumatic tools and the multi-level filtration system suitable to cap the storage canister, thus effectively block the exposure of contaminant of the storage canister to the external environment, achieving effective decontamination of the radioactive waste and reducing spreading to the environment.

A method of follow-up decontamination operation for the polluted storage canister of a high activity nuclear waste storage facility, using needle and steel brushes driven by pneumatic tools for abrading the bottom and the inner wall of the storage canister to remove contaminants, a multi-level filter system for air filtration and removing pollutants in the storage canister, and a cover to be used in association with the pneumatic tools and the multi-level filtration system suitable to cap the storage canister, thus effectively block the exposure of contaminant of the storage canister to the external environment, achieving effective decontamination of the radioactive waste and reducing spreading to the environment.

A UV exposure dosimetry system includes at least one UV sensor that accurately measures the UV irradiance intensity. The UV dosimetry system integrates the measured UV irradiance intensity over time to calculate the real-time UV dosage and the vitamin D production by taking into account factors comprising UV sensor location, body surface area, clothing coverage, and sunscreen usage. Based on the measurement, the system can predict the time remaining to skin burn and the time remaining to reach daily goal of vitamin D production. The system can also estimate UV intensity for a time in the future at a geographic location based on the forecast UV index data, and predict UV dose and vitamin D generation for the user corresponding to user defined scenarios. The UV dosimetry system supports multi-user control through an advanced and user friendly input and output interface.

A UV exposure dosimetry system includes at least one UV sensor that accurately measures the UV irradiance intensity. The UV dosimetry system integrates the measured UV irradiance intensity over time to calculate the real-time UV dosage and the vitamin D production by taking into account factors comprising UV sensor location, body surface area, clothing coverage, and sunscreen usage. Based on the measurement, the system can predict the time remaining to skin burn and the time remaining to reach daily goal of vitamin D production. The system can also estimate UV intensity for a time in the future at a geographic location based on the forecast UV index data, and predict UV dose and vitamin D generation for the user corresponding to user defined scenarios. The UV dosimetry system supports multi-user control through an advanced and user friendly input and output interface.

A dynamic, wearable low-cost, personal high-sensitivity and wide-dynamic range measurement apparatus and method provide an accurate, objective and independent device for the real-time measurement and monitoring of an individual's career or lifetime exposure to known and unknown sources of harmful ionizing radiation, for real-time radiation exposure monitoring, overexposure warning and cancer risk management due to harmful radiation in all ambient environments. The measurement apparatus and method are wirelessly interfaced to a smartphone/controller or other host computer which provide a verification device to prevent an unauthorized use, a device to time-stamp and permanently data-log measured location based data using a smartphone/GPS data, and a device to predict and warn the individual when dangerous levels are actually approached, or will likely be approached or exceeded over the entire career or lifetime of the individual, and provide an access device for real-time estimates of the individual's risk of developing cancer or other threatening disease. Also, the measurement apparatus and method provide an additional device to allow these personal radiation exposure data to be made available via the Internet, and/or cloud storage, for digital data applications such as personal electronic health records and/or for future data mining, Internet, if Things, etc., applications.

A dynamic, wearable low-cost, personal high-sensitivity and wide-dynamic range measurement apparatus and method provide an accurate, objective and independent device for the real-time measurement and monitoring of an individual's career or lifetime exposure to known and unknown sources of harmful ionizing radiation, for real-time radiation exposure monitoring, overexposure warning and cancer risk management due to harmful radiation in all ambient environments. The measurement apparatus and method are wirelessly interfaced to a smartphone/controller or other host computer which provide a verification device to prevent an unauthorized use, a device to time-stamp and permanently data-log measured location based data using a smartphone/GPS data, and a device to predict and warn the individual when dangerous levels are actually approached, or will likely be approached or exceeded over the entire career or lifetime of the individual, and provide an access device for real-time estimates of the individual's risk of developing cancer or other threatening disease. Also, the measurement apparatus and method provide an additional device to allow these personal radiation exposure data to be made available via the Internet, and/or cloud storage, for digital data applications such as personal electronic health records and/or for future data mining, Internet, if Things, etc., applications.

Apparatus for planning a diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy (DaRT) treatment session. The apparatus includes an output interface and a memory configured with a plurality of tables which provide an accumulated measure of radiation over a specific time period, due to one or more types of DaRT radiotherapy sources which emit daughter radionuclides from the source, for a plurality of different distances and angles relative to the DaRT radiotherapy source. In addition, a processor is configured to receive a description of a layout of a plurality of DaRT radiotherapy sources in a tumor, to calculate a radiation dose distribution in the tumor responsive to the layout, using the tables in the memory, and to output feedback for the treatment responsive to the radiation dose distribution, through the output interface.

Among other things, a method comprises imaging a sample displaced between a sensor surface and a surface of a microscopy sample chamber to produce an image of at least a part of the sample. The image is produced using lensless optical microscopy, and the sample contains at least blood from a subject. The method also comprises automatically differentiating cells of different types in the image, generating a count of one or more cell types based on the automatic differentiation, and deriving a radiation dose the subject has absorbed based on the count.

The present invention generally relates to a radiation sensor for use particularly in, but by no means exclusively, in measuring radiation dose in photon or electron fields such as for radiation medicine, including radiotherapy and radiation based diagnosis. According to the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor radiation detector comprising a radiation sensitive detector element arranged such that it forms a continuous radiation sensitive portion having surfaces oriented in at least two non-parallel directions.

An image detector is disposed behind a grid. The image detector has normal pixels and measurement pixels. Out of a group of measurement pixels based on which an average value of dose measurement signals is calculated, a [C/D] number of measurement pixels are disposed or chosen in a cycle Z=(R×C)±D. Wherein, C represents a cycle of a repetition pattern appearing in an arrangement direction of X-ray transparent layers and X-ray absorbing layers in an X-ray image of the grid, and is represented in units of the number of pixels. R represents a natural number of 0 or more. D represents an integer less than the cycle C. [C/D] represents a maximum integer equal to or less than C/D. Provided that at least the [C/D] number of measurement pixels are shifted C occasions by one pixel, if D=1, the average value of the dose measurement signals is invariable without any variations.