A system for detecting precipitation is disclosed. In an embodiment, the system includes a capacitive sensor configured to detect a presence of precipitation, a piezo sensor configured to be powered on in response to detection of the presence of the precipitation by the capacitive sensor, and a processor configured to detect a characteristic of the precipitation based at least in part on an output of the piezo sensor. In an embodiment, a method includes receiving a signal from a piezo sensor, sampling the signal at a sampling rate, determining a frequency domain representation of the sampled signal, determining that a magnitude of a resonant frequency associated with the sampled signal meets a threshold, and determining a valid precipitation event based at least in part on the determination that the magnitude of the resonant frequency meets the threshold.

An electrical resistivity tomography prospecting system based on random distribution of electrodes is provided. The system comprises a central console and a plurality of data collection units. The central console and the data collection units are connected via wireless communication. The data collection units comprises a collection station and two electrodes connected via a cable. The electrodes may be randomly arranged based on the grounding condition. The GPS equipped on the electrode may provide the location information of the measurement point. The collection station is controlled by the central console, and may perform in two work modes: current supply measurement or electrical potential measurement. The data collection is parallel. Sequentially selecting one collection unit for current supplying, while the rest of collection units work for potential measurement.

An electrical resistivity tomography prospecting system based on random distribution of electrodes is provided. The system comprises a central console and a plurality of data collection units. The central console and the data collection units are connected via wireless communication. The data collection units comprises a collection station and two electrodes connected via a cable. The electrodes may be randomly arranged based on the grounding condition. The GPS equipped on the electrode may provide the location information of the measurement point. The collection station is controlled by the central console, and may perform in two work modes: current supply measurement or electrical potential measurement. The data collection is parallel. Sequentially selecting one collection unit for current supplying, while the rest of collection units work for potential measurement.

A method and apparatus for a connection interface between a reservoir or syringe, infusion set tubing, and an infusion pump is provided. The reservoir, a base and a cap are connected to form an integrated unit that is capable of being inserted and secured in an infusion pump housing. The cap and the infusion pump are each provided with at least one sensor or at least one detectable feature, arranged to interact with at least one corresponding detectable feature or sensor on the other of the cap and infusion pump device, to detect one or more of the presence, position or other characteristic of the cap when the cap is aligned or coupled with the infusion pump housing. The detectable feature and sensor may be magnetic, RF, mechanical, optical or any combination.

A method and apparatus for a connection interface between a reservoir or syringe, infusion set tubing, and an infusion pump is provided. The reservoir, a base and a cap are connected to form an integrated unit that is capable of being inserted and secured in an infusion pump housing. The cap and the infusion pump are each provided with at least one sensor or at least one detectable feature, arranged to interact with at least one corresponding detectable feature or sensor on the other of the cap and infusion pump device, to detect one or more of the presence, position or other characteristic of the cap when the cap is aligned or coupled with the infusion pump housing. The detectable feature and sensor may be magnetic, RF, mechanical, optical or any combination.

Methodology for detecting and monitoring the propagation of a volume of liquefied material underground without measuring the resistivity of the ground. Liquefied material is charged by injecting current through electrically-conducting member in contact with the material to form a spatial distribution of electric potential underground. Measuring time-dependent change of such spatial distribution caused by movement of liquefied material and associated with propagation of a Gaussian surface of electrical charge associated with the outer surface and/or the front of the volume is detected with a system of electrodes to determine a time of arrival of liquefied material to target location.

Methodology for detecting and monitoring the propagation of a volume of liquefied material underground without measuring the resistivity of the ground. Liquefied material is charged by injecting current through electrically-conducting member in contact with the material to form a spatial distribution of electric potential underground. Measuring time-dependent change of such spatial distribution caused by movement of liquefied material and associated with propagation of a Gaussian surface of electrical charge associated with the outer surface and/or the front of the volume is detected with a system of electrodes to determine a time of arrival of liquefied material to target location.

A method is disclosed for generating an areal map of a pre-determined hydrocarbon liquid property of a subsurface kerogen-containing source rock from an electromagnetic resistivity profile. Preferably, the profile is generated by a transient EM method such as a long-offset transient electromagnetic (LOTEM) method. In some embodiments, the areal map is generated by employing resistivity-hydrocarbon liquid-quality relationship data describing a relationship between (i) a property of hydrocarbon liquid generated within the source rock pore space to (ii) an electrical resistivity of the source rock. In some embodiments, it is possible to acquire such data even in the absence of source rock samples where the hydrocarbon liquids within the samples has been preserved. The areal map is useful for determining a target location and/or depth in the source rock to drill for oil. The presently-disclosed techniques are particularly relevant to tight oil formations.

A method is disclosed for generating an areal map of a pre-determined hydrocarbon liquid property of a subsurface kerogen-containing source rock from an electromagnetic resistivity profile. Preferably, the profile is generated by a transient EM method such as a long-offset transient electromagnetic (LOTEM) method. In some embodiments, the areal map is generated by employing resistivity-hydrocarbon liquid-quality relationship data describing a relationship between (i) a property of hydrocarbon liquid generated within the source rock pore space to (ii) an electrical resistivity of the source rock. In some embodiments, it is possible to acquire such data even in the absence of source rock samples where the hydrocarbon liquids within the samples has been preserved. The areal map is useful for determining a target location and/or depth in the source rock to drill for oil. The presently-disclosed techniques are particularly relevant to tight oil formations.

The disclosure generally relates to methods, system and apparatus to detect a rogue object placed on an A4WP charging pad (interchangeably, charging mat). In one embodiment, presence of a rogue object on a charging pad is detected by measuring currents and voltages from sensor circuits on PTU and apply machine learning algorithms to develop power leakage algorithm. The algorithm identifies false objects placed on the charging pad and obviates false alarm while simultaneously detecting presence of a rogue object which can damage the A4WP wireless charging system.