Deblending and deghosting seismic data may include processing blended seismic data acquired after actuation of a first seismic source located at a first depth and a second seismic source located at a second depth. The processing may comprise deblending and deghosting the blended seismic data based on a difference in ghost responses of the first seismic source and the second seismic source.

Methods are described for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals representing a wavefield where the sources are laterally located relatively close to each other and fire relatively close in time, and where the contributions from different sources are separated using different source encoding techniques in different parts of a frequency band of interest.

A distributed acoustic sensor is positioned within a wellbore of a geologic formation. Seismic waves are detected using the distributed acoustic sensor. A raw seismic profile is generated based on the detected seismic waves. Resonant noise is identified and reduced in seismic data associated with the raw seismic profile.

A method for deblending seismic signals includes entering as input to a computer recorded signals comprising seismic energy from a plurality of actuations of one or more seismic energy sources. A model of deblended seismic data and a blending matrix are initialized. A blending matrix inversion is performed using the initialized model. The inversion includes using a scaled objective function. The inversion is constrained by a thresholding operator. The thresholding operator is arranged to recover coefficients of the model of the deblended seismic data that are substantially nonzero, against a Gaussian white noise background. The thresholded model is projected into data space. Performing the blending matrix inversion is repeated if a data residual exceeds a selected threshold and the inversion is terminated if the data residual is below the selected threshold. At least one of storing and displaying an output of the blending matrix inversion is performed when the blending matrix inversion is terminated.

The present method predicts and separates dispersive surface waves from seismic data using dispersion estimation and is completely data-driven and computer automated and no human intervention is needed. The method is capable of predicting and suppressing surface waves from recorded seismic data without damaging the reflections. Nonlinear signal comparison (NLSC) is used to obtain a high resolution and accurate dispersion. Based on the dispersion, surface waves are predicted from the field recorded seismic data. The predicted surface waves are then subtracted from the original data.

Techniques are disclosed relating to deblending of sources in multi-source geophysical survey data, including marine or land-based data. Recorded data may be aligned to a primary source. A deblending procedure may be iteratively applied to produce a residual term and deblended estimates for the primary source and one or more secondary sources. Following an iteration of the deblending procedure, the resultant data may be sorted according to a domain that renders the one or more secondary sources incoherent with respect to the primary source. The domain used for sorting may be different from a domain used to sort during an immediately prior iteration. In embodiments, the deblending procedure may use coherency filtering, and the coherency filtering may be weighted according to a signal-to-noise metric generated from the data being deblended.

A simultaneous sources seismic acquisition method is described that introduces notch diversity to improve separating the unknown contributions of one or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals while still allowing for optimal reconstruction properties in certain diamond-shaped regions. In particular, notch diversity is obtained by heteroscale encoding.

A method for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals representing a wavefield where the contributions from different sources are both encoded by means of the principles of signal apparition and as well as by means of different source encoding techniques.

Deblending and deghosting seismic data may include processing blended seismic data acquired after actuation of a first seismic source located at a first depth and a second seismic source located at a second depth. The processing may comprise deblending and deghosting the blended seismic data based on a difference in ghost responses of the first seismic source and the second seismic source.

A method includes acquiring blended seismic data representing a subsurface volume of interest from a plurality of seismic sources, estimating a signal mode using one or more first priors by applying sparse inversion to the blended seismic data, predicting multi-source interference in the blended seismic data based at least in part on the estimated signal mode, removing the estimated signal mode and the predicted multi-source interference from the blended seismic data, such that a residual signal is left, and estimating a coherent signal from the residual signal by solving a sparse inversion.