An ophthalmic surgical microscope can include a movable optical element positioned in an optical pathway of light reflected from a surgical field. The movable optical element can be configured to oscillate in a direction along the optical pathway. The microscope can include an actuator coupled to the movable optical element and configured to move in response to a control signal. The microscope can include a computing device in communication with the actuator and configured to generate the control signal to move the movable optical element. In some embodiments, the computing device is configured to generate the control signal to move the movable optical element with an oscillation frequency greater than the critical flicker fusion rate.

A light field display device comprising at least one multiplexed light field display module, the multiplexed light field display module comprising a view image generator, a waveguide, and a set of shutters spatially distributed along the waveguide, the view image generator optically coupled to the waveguide, the waveguide optically coupled to each shutter, the view image generator operable to generate a set of beams of light from one of a set of view images, the waveguide configured to transmit the set of beams along its length via internal reflection, each shutter operable to be switched between a closed state and an open state, the closed state of the shutter configured to prevent the beams from escaping the waveguide, the open state of the shutter configured to allow the beams to escape the waveguide, the module operable to generate, over time, the set of beams from a different one of the set of view images, and to open, over time, a different subset of the set of shutters, thereby to allow the set of beams escaping from the subset to correspond to a different one of the set of view images.

Provided is a display apparatus including an image forming optical system configured to form an image to be displayed, an eyepiece optical system configured to provide the image formed by the image forming optical system to a pupil of an observer, and an image shifting optical system disposed on an optical path between the image forming optical system and the eyepiece optical system, the image shifting optical system being configured to shift the image formed by the image forming optical system in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis, wherein the image shifting optical system includes a first optical member having a first focal length and a second optical member having a second focal length, and wherein a distance between the first optical member and the second optical member along the optical axis is equal to a sum of the first focal length and the second focal length.

A device for MR/VR systems that includes a two-dimensional array of cameras that capture images of respective portions of a scene. The cameras are positioned along a spherical surface so that the cameras have adjacent fields of view. The entrance pupils of the cameras are positioned at or near the user’s eye while the cameras also form optimized images at the sensor. Methods for reducing the number of cameras in an array, as well as methods for reducing the number of pixels read from the array and processed by the pipeline, are also described.

The work, visual inspection device 30 composes a conveyance table 2 which holds and conveys works W1 and W2 and camera units 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 which capture images of the works conveyed by the conveyance table, The camera 91/101 of the camera units 9 and 10 includes a first body tube 91C/101C including an imaging lens 91L/101L and a second body tube 91Ca/101a attached to the front end of the first body tube 91C/101C. The second body tube 91Ca/101Ca includes a glass plate 91G/101G for focal adjustment having two surfaces in parallel with each other.

An extender lens changes a focal length of an entire lens system after replacement to a longer focal length side than a focal length of a master lens by replacing a part of the master lens with the extender lens. The extender lens consists of, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens group, and a negative second lens group. The first lens group is a lens group that has a positive refractive power as a whole and has a shortest focal length among lens groups consisting of one lens component or a plurality of consecutively arranged lens components. The extender lens satisfies a predetermined conditional expression.

Intraocular implants and methods of forming intraocular implants are described herein. The intraocular implant can include a powered optic and a lens holder. The optic can be mechanically coupled to an inner periphery of the lens holder to form the intraocular implant. A portion of the lens holder can include a mask disposed about the optic to increase depth of focus in a human patient.

Embodiments of a resolution enhancement technique for a light sheet microscopy system having a three objective lens arrangement in which one objective lens illuminates a sample and the second and third objective lenses collect the fluorescence emissions emitted by the sample are disclosed. The second objective lens focuses a first portion of the fluorescence emissions for detection by a second detection component, while the third objective lens focuses a second portion of the fluorescence emissions through a diffractive or refractive optic component for detection by a first detector component. A processor combines the images resulting from the first and second portions of the fluorescence emissions for generating composite images with increased axial and lateral resolution.

A method for generating stereoscopic light-field data is provided. The method includes the following steps: obtaining three-dimensional image data; performing a multi-view generation process to convert the three-dimensional image data into multi-view data; and performing a light-field conversion process to convert the multi-view data into a stereoscopic light-field pair.

Disclosed are an amplitude monitoring system, a focusing and leveling apparatus and a defocus detection method. The defocus detection method comprises the steps of: adjusting amplitude of a scanning mirror (201) to a theoretical amplitude value and recording corresponding theoretical output voltage values of a photodetector (309) (S1); adjusting the amplitude of the scanning mirror (201) and sampling real-time amplitude values θi of the scanning mirror (201) and real-time output voltage values of the photodetector (309) to calculate compensated real-time demodulation results Si, and recording real-time defocus amounts Hi of a wafer table (305) (S2); subsequent to stepwise displacement of the wafer table (305), establishing a database based on the compensated real-time demodulation results Si and the real-time defocus amounts Hi of the wafer table (305) (S3); and in an actual measurement, sampling in real time an actual amplitude value θk of the scanning mirror (201) and actual output voltage values of the photodetector (309) to calculate a compensated real-time demodulation result Sk, and finding an actual defocus amount Hk of the wafer table (305) by searching the database using a linear interpolation method (S4). Such a focusing and leveling apparatus and defocus detection method avoid degraded stability of the scanning mirror due to long-time operation, which may lead to low wafer surface defocus measurement accuracy of the focusing and leveling apparatus.