A waveguide image combiner is used to transmit a monochrome or full-color image in an augmented reality display. The combiner uses multiple stacked substrates and multiple pairs of incoupling and outcoupling VHOEs to expand a first FOV and an image expander to expand the second or perpendicular FOV. This suitably provides an expanded FOV that offers a diagonal FOV≥50°, a horizontal FOV≥40 and a vertical FOV≥25°. The combiner also delivers a large horizontal eye box up to 20 mm and a vertical eye box of 10 mm while maintaining high light efficiency of the real scene (e.g. >80%). The system is able to use a light engine based on broadband (10 nm≤Δλ≤40 nm) LEDs and maintain a large horizontal field of view and high transmission of the real imagery. The approach resolves issues with current embodiments including astigmatism, image overlap, color balance, and small light engine pupils leading to reduced eye boxes.

A wearable display apparatus includes a control unit, a display unit, a light transmission unit, a semi-transparent photodetector unit and a signal processing unit. The display unit includes multiple light-emitting elements and is controlled by the control unit and outputs an optical image; the light transmission unit delivers the optical image to human eyes; the semi-transparent photodetector unit converts the light reflected from the human eyes to an electrical signal which includes information regarding the health status and gazing direction of the human eyes; the signal processing unit extracts information through analyzing the electrical signal and transmits the information to the control unit; the control unit adjusts an output image of the display unit in real time according to the information; and the light transmission unit and the semi-transparent photodetector unit propagate the external light beams to the human eyes.

A multipass scanner usable e.g. in a near-eye display is disclosed. The multipass scanner scans a light beam angularly, forming an image in angular domain. The multipass scanner includes a light source, a tiltable reflector, and a multipass coupler that couples light emitted by the light source to the tiltable reflector, receives the reflected light and couples it back to the tiltable reflector to double the scanning angle. Then, the multipass coupler couples the light reflected at least twice from the tiltable reflector to an exit pupil of the scanner. A pupil-replicating waveguide disposed at the exit pupil of the scanner extends the image in angular domain. Multiple reflections of the light beam from the tiltable reflector enable one to increase the angular scanning range and associated field of view of the display without having to increase the angular scanning range of the tiltable reflector.

An optical device for exit pupil expansion (EPE) for improving a field of view (FOV) and luminance uniformity, and a display apparatus including the same are provided. The optical device includes: an input part into which a virtual image is input; and an EPE part configured to receive the virtual image from the input part, perform one-dimensional (1D) EPE and two-dimensional (2D) EPE to combine the virtual image with an external real image, and output the combined image.

An image light guide for conveying a virtual image, including a waveguide, an in-coupling diffractive optic operable to direct image-bearing light beams into the waveguide, and an out-coupling diffractive optic operable to direct the image-bearing light beams from the waveguide toward an eyebox. The out-coupling diffractive optic having two or more zones each including a set of diffractive features, wherein successive zones along one dimension of the out-coupling diffractive optic have different respective sets of diffractive features, wherein the diffractive features are operable to direct image-bearing light beams of a first pixel incident upon the diffractive features at a first angle whereby the directed image-bearing light beams of the first pixel further propagate within the waveguide, and wherein the diffractive features are operable to out-couple a portion of the image-bearing light beams of the first pixel incident upon the diffractive features at a second angle.

In an embodiment, an apparatus is disclosed that includes at least one processor configured to determine a target coupling-out facet, identify an optical path to the target coupling-out facet, identify an active wave plate corresponding to the optical path, determine a target state of the active wave plate that corresponds to the optical path, set the active wave plate to the identified target state and cause a projection device to project a light beam comprising an image field of view component along the identified optical path.

An optical waveguide system and an electronic device are disclosed. The system comprises: a waveguide; an input coupler coupling a light into the waveguide; and an output coupler, wherein the input coupler includes a right portion and a left portion, wherein the right portion includes stacked first and second polarization volume gratings, the left portion includes stacked third and fourth polarization volume gratings. The first and fourth polarization volume gratings are polarization volume gratings optimized for a right-hand-side field of view of the light, and the third and second polarization volume gratings are polarization volume gratings optimized for a lefthand-side field of view of the light.

An optical display system and an augmented reality electronic device are disclosed. The optical display system comprises: a waveguide; an input coupler, provided at the input end of the waveguide and couples an image light into it; and a two-dimensional grating, provided at the output end of waveguide. The waveguide delivers the image light to the two-dimensional grating, which performs pupil expansion on the image light and out-couples the expanded image light. The two-dimensional grating has rhombus lattices. Unit cells of the two-dimensional grating are un-symmetric along respective axes parallel with a propagation direction of the image light incident onto the two-dimensional grating, from a top view of the two-dimensional grating. The unit cells are oriented with the propagation direction of the image light and each of the unit cells has at least two vertexes at its end side.

According to examples, a display system may include a wearable eyewear arrangement that may include a lens assembly having a projector to propagate display light associated with an image. The lens assembly may also include a waveguide for propagating the display light to an eyebox, in which the waveguide may include a plurality of gratings through which the first display light is sequentially propagated and in which at least one of the plurality of gratings is oriented to propagate the display light to a next grating while reducing an appearance of a ghost image of the image on the eyebox.

According to examples, a display system may include a disparity sensing detector, collection optics, and a first lens assembly. The first lens assembly may include a first projector to output a first display light associated with a first image and a first waveguide for propagating the first display light to the collection optics, in which the collection optics is to direct the first display light to the disparity sensing detector. The display system may also include a second lens assembly including a second projector to output a second display light associated with a second image and a second waveguide for propagating the second display light to the collection optics, in which the collection optics is to direct the second display light to the disparity sensing detector.