An actuator device, a projection device including the actuator device, and a projection method applicable to the actuator device, are provided. The actuator device includes a base, a frame, an optical element, and at least one driving assembly. The projection method includes the following steps. The frame is disposed in the base, the optical element is disposed in the frame, and the at least one driving assembly is disposed between the base and the frame. The at least one driving assembly is controlled to drive the frame through a first signal, so that the optical element swings reciprocally relative to the base based on a first swing angle, a second swing angle, and a third swing angle of a first actuating shaft.

A direct projection light field display comprising an array of projectors for direct projection of a light field. The overall design and incorporation of additional optics achieve the optimal light distribution and small pixel size to produce a high definition, 3D display. The architecture of the direct projection light field display has low a brightness requirement for each projector, resulting in an increased projector density, decreased system, and a decreased power requirement, while producing a high-definition light field.

A display system of a vehicle displays a virtual image. The display system has a projection device, which is configured to emit display light in order to generate an image, and a reflecting device, which is configured for a first reflection of display light of the projection device arranged above the reflecting device by way of the reflecting device attached in or on an instrument panel of the vehicle. The display light of the projection device incident on the reflecting device is substantially retroreflected. The display system further includes a windshield of the vehicle, which windshield is configured for a second reflection of at least part of the display light, which was reflected by the reflecting device, to the eyes of an observer in the vehicle in order to allow the observer to see, behind the windshield, the virtual image of the image generated by the projection device.

An image forming apparatus includes a light emitting device that emits light, a movable mirror that reflects the light emitted from the light emitting device, a first actuator that causes the movable mirror to swing about a first axis, a first reference signal output portion that outputs a first reference signal by estimating a point in time when a deflection angle of the movable mirror about the first axis becomes equal to a first reference angle, a light emission controller that causes the light emitting device to emit the light based on the first reference signal output from the first reference signal output portion, an imaging apparatus that images the light reflected by the movable mirror, and a correction portion that corrects a timing of the first reference signal output by the first reference signal output portion based on imaging information acquired by the imaging apparatus.

To provide a vehicular lamp capable of making a desired light distribution on a light shielding member while having a simple configuration. The vehicular lamp comprises a first and second light source each having a light emitting surface and being arranged in a predetermined parallel direction; a single condenser lens for condensing light emitted from the first and second light source; a light shielding member provided with an irradiation slit through which light condensed by the condenser lens is partially passed; and a projection lens for projecting light passed through the light shielding member to form an irradiation pattern. The first and second light source are arranged with an interval equal to or larger than dimensions in the parallel direction on the light emitting surfaces, the condenser lens makes a light distribution in which a high light quantity area with the highest light quantity is single in the parallel direction.

To provide a vehicular lamp capable of making a desired light distribution on a light shielding member while having a simple configuration. The vehicular lamp comprises a first and second light source each having a light emitting surface and being arranged in a predetermined parallel direction; a single condenser lens for condensing light emitted from the first and second light source; a light shielding member provided with an irradiation slit through which light condensed by the condenser lens is partially passed; and a projection lens for projecting light passed through the light shielding member to form an irradiation pattern. The first and second light source are arranged with an interval equal to or larger than dimensions in the parallel direction on the light emitting surfaces, the condenser lens makes a light distribution in which a high light quantity area with the highest light quantity is single in the parallel direction.

An image can be projected in a wide angular range while an increase in a beam diameter is suppressed. A light source device according to the present disclosure includes: a plurality of light emitting elements divided into a plurality of regions; and an optical unit that includes a plurality of first lens groups having a first focal length and corresponding to the regions of the light source unit on a one-to-one basis, and a second lens group having a second focal length and emitting light having passed through the first lens groups. In the optical unit, for each of the regions, the first focal length is smaller than zero, the second focal length is larger than zero, and each composite focal length of each of the first lens groups and the second lens group is larger than the second focal length.

An optical lens assembly includes a glass lens element. The glass lens element has a refractive power, an optical surface of the glass lens element is non-planar, an anti-reflective membrane layer is formed on the optical surface, and the anti-reflective membrane layer includes a nanostructure layer and a structure connection film. The nanostructure layer has a plurality of ridge-like protrusions extending non-directionally from the optical surface, and a material of the nanostructure layer includes aluminum oxide. The structure connection film is disposed between the optical surface and the nanostructure layer, the structure connection film includes at least one silicon dioxide layer, the at least one silicon dioxide layer contacts a bottom of the nanostructure layer physically, and a thickness of the at least one silicon dioxide layer is greater than or equal to 20 nm and less than or equal to 150 nm.

An extreme off-axis image projection system substantially compensates for image-quality-degrading aberrations typical to off-axis imaging systems. This is accomplished through the use of a free-form mirror in conjunction with both spherical and aspherical refractive elements and an off-axis placement of the input image source. In some embodiments, the off-axis image projection system contains a free-form mirror and a projection lens system with multiple lenses. The projection system projects light from an image source onto a surface (aka, projection surface). The projection surface is both close to the projector (in z) and extends away from the projector (in x and y).

The illumination optical system includes a beam shaper which converts an intensity distribution of a laser beam in each of a short axis direction and a long axis direction, which is a Gaussian distribution, into an intensity distribution of a parallel beam on a modulation surface of the optical modulator in each of the short axis direction and the long axis direction, which is a top hat distribution. The modulation surface and an irradiated surface are optically conjugated with respect to the long axis direction by a third lens and a fourth lens. Further, the modulation surface and a front focus position of the fourth lens are optically conjugated with respect to the short axis direction by a first lens, a second lens, and the third lens. The fourth lens condenses a beam having a top hat distribution at the front focus position onto the irradiated surface.