A liquid lens includes a first plate in which a cavity accommodating a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid is formed; a first electrode disposed on the first plate; a second electrode disposed under the first plate; a second plate disposed on the first electrode; and a third plate disposed under the second electrode, wherein the conductive liquid includes a solvent comprising 20 to 60% by weight of water and 20 to 60% by weight of antifreeze; 10 to 20% by weight of a solute; and 0.4 to 2% by weight of a chelation agent or an ion inhibitor.

A microfluidic system and related methods of operating an electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) device operate to concentrate particles within a liquid droplet dispensed onto an element array of the EWOD device. The method includes the steps of providing a non-polar liquid onto the element array of the EWOD device; providing a polar liquid droplet onto the element array of the EWOD device within the non-polar liquid, wherein the polar liquid droplet includes particles; and applying an actuation cycle comprising a plurality of actuation patterns, wherein at least one of the actuation patterns includes actuating one or more array element electrodes within a perimeter of the polar liquid droplet, and the particles migrate within the polar liquid droplet to become concentrated within a portion of the liquid droplet at one or more array element electrodes corresponding to one of the plurality of actuation patterns.

A method of operating a liquid lens can include positioning a variable interface between first and second liquids in a brace position in response to a brace trigger event. The variable interface can be adjustable between (a) a rest position in which a perimeter of the variable interface is spaced from a first window of the liquid lens by a rest distance and (b) the brace position in which the perimeter of the variable interface is spaced from the first window by a brace distance. The brace distance can be greater than the rest distance. In the rest position, the variable interface can have a rest surface area. In the brace position, the variable interface can have a brace surface area. The brace surface area can be less than the rest surface area.

The present invention provides a circuit for controlling a voltage for driving liquid lens including a first voltage generator for outputting a first voltage; a second voltage generator for outputting a second voltage having an opposite polarity to the first voltage; a first switch for selecting one of the first voltage and a ground voltage, and transmitting the selected voltage; a second switch for selecting one of the second voltage and the ground voltage, and transmitting the selected voltage; and a third switch for selecting one of a voltage selected by the first switch and the voltage selected by the second switch, and transmitting the selected voltage, wherein the third switches is plural in number, and the first switch is connected in common to the plurality of third switches.

An embodiment provides a camera module including a liquid lens including an electrode; and a holder in which the liquid lens is disposed, wherein the holder includes a first body portion including a first hole formed therein; a second body portion spaced apart from the first body portion, the second body portion including a second hole formed therein so as to correspond to the first hole; and a side portion connecting the first body portion and the second body portion to each other, wherein the second body portion includes a support portion supporting the liquid lens and an extension portion extending from the support portion, and wherein the support portion includes a side surface, an upper surface, and a step formed between the side surface and the upper surface.

A method includes providing frames of video data for being displayed by a head mounted display (HMD). Pixel data is encoded in a pixel of at least some of the video data frames, the encoded pixel data defining a focal state of an optics block of the HMD for displaying the respective frame of the video data to a user. The predetermined focal state is determined from a plurality of available focal states of the optics block, each focal state corresponding to a different focal plane of a virtual image generated based on the video data. The pixel used for encoding may be disposed outside a region of the frame that is displayable by the HMD.

The present invention has as an object to, by controlling how oil injected into a liquid drop control device wet spreads, make it harder for bubbles to remain in a cell. A liquid drop control device of the present invention is characterized in that in at least one substrate, there is a gap between an end face of a lyophobic layer and a seal material and the lyophobic layer and the seal material make contact with each other in at least one place.

A camera module according to an embodiment includes a liquid lens unit including a cavity, a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid disposed in the cavity, n individual electrodes (n being an integer of 2 or more), and a common electrode, an interface being formed between the conductive liquid and the non-conductive liquid, a main board including an element constituting a control circuit for controlling the operation of the liquid lens unit, and a holder coupled to the main board such that the open area of an insertion hole for insertion of the liquid lens unit is disposed along a first side of the main board.

This disclosure provides a method for filling printing ink in an electrowetting display substrate and a method for producing the electrowetting display panel. The electrowetting display substrate comprises a first substrate. The first substrate has pixel grids formed by pixel walls. The method for filling printing ink in an electrowetting display substrate comprises steps of: filling a mixture of an oil-containing printing ink and a solvent into the pixel grids, wherein the solvent has a boiling temperature lower than that of the oil, and the printing ink is soluble in the solvent; and vaporizing the solvent at a temperature that is lower than the boiling temperature of the oil and higher than or equal to the boiling temperature of the solvent. The method may adjust the filling height of the printing ink effectively, and allow the filling heights of the printing ink in all pixel grids to be substantially the same, so as to enhance the display effect of the electrowetting display panel.

Provided is a liquid lens that includes a first electrode and a second electrode to which a predetermined voltage is applied. The second electrode is arranged outside the first electrode in the planar direction, and an insulating film having water repellency is formed on an upper surface of the second electrode.