The present disclosure provides a diffraction light guide plate, including a light guide unit, an input diffraction optical device configured to receive light from a light source and diffract the received light, an intermediate diffraction optical device configured to receive the diffracted light from the input diffraction optical device and extend the received light one-dimensionally by diffraction, and an output diffraction optical device configured to receive the extended light from the intermediate diffraction optical device and output the received light from the light guide unit by diffraction. The intermediate diffraction optical device and the output diffraction optical device are separately disposed in regions divided horizontally on the light guide unit, and the intermediate diffraction optical device includes a main intermediate diffraction optical device and an auxiliary intermediate diffraction optical device, which are disposed separate apart from each other vertically on the light guide unit.

A three-dimensional display device including a diffraction sheet including a transparent substrate, and a diffraction layer having a first diffraction pattern formed in a first array pattern and a second diffraction pattern formed in a second array pattern on the transparent substrate, the diffraction sheet measuring 10 inches or more in diagonal; one of a liquid crystal device having a plurality of pixels and a color filter having a plurality of types of color filters; and a light source. The first diffraction pattern and the second diffraction pattern are overlapped with the pixels or the color filters in a direction normal to the diffraction sheet with an amount of displacement being 1/10 or less of a pitch of the pixels or the color filters.

The present disclosure provides a three-dimensional scanner for acquiring three-dimensional shape information of an object using focusing, including a light source configured to emit light from an emission end face of a housing to the object; a sensor configured to detect light from the light source reflected by the object; a variable focus lens that is provided between the object and the sensor and that changes a focal position based on the object; and a controller configured to change the focal position of the variable focus lens in a process of acquiring the three-dimensional shape information of the object, wherein the controller is configured to change an amount of light from the light source reflected by the object and reaching the sensor based on the focal position of the variable focus lens.

The present invention relates to a structure for a physical unclonable function using spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and a method of preparing the same, in which a chiral random pattern, which is unclonable and is observable with an optical microscope and a mobile phone camera, is formed using chiral photonic crystals in which chiral symmetry breaking occurs and is applied to a physical unclonable function (PUF), thereby attaining high encoding capacity, high recognition rate, and security while achieving high performance in reproducibility, uniqueness, unpredictability, and reconfigurability, and forming a desired pattern through a conventional photolithography method.

Laser light from a light source part is guided to an irradiation plane by an irradiation optical system. In the irradiation optical system, element lenses are arrayed, and light fluxes that have passed through the element lenses respectively enter transparent elements. Irradiation regions of the light from the element lenses are superimposed on the irradiation plane. When each pair of adjacent target element lenses out of three target element lenses arrayed sequentially is regarded as a target element lens pair, the optical path lengths of three transparent elements corresponding to the three target element lenses are determined such that a peak position of light intensity on the irradiation plane resulting from the interference between the light fluxes through one target element lens pair is different from that corresponding to the other pair. This suppresses variations in light intensity caused by interference between the light fluxes on the irradiation plane.

A rigid-scope optical system includes: an image-formation optical system that causes an image in each of wavelength bands to be formed in a predetermined imaging device, the wavelength bands including a fluorescence wavelength band and a visible light wavelength band; and a color-separation-prism optical system having a dichroic film that separates an optical path of light to be imaged into an optical path of the visible light wavelength band and an optical path of the fluorescence wavelength band, in which the image-formation optical system causes the respective images to be formed in a fluorescence imaging device and a visible light imaging device, the fluorescence imaging device and the visible light imaging device being disposed to cause an amount of misalignment to correspond to a difference between an optical path length of fluorescence and an optical path length of visible light.

The optical machine module includes a light emitting module and a modulation module. The light emitting module includes a light source configured to emit linearly polarized light. The modulation module includes a modulation component. The modulation component includes a light-combining prism and a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) modulator. The light-combining prism includes four rectangular prisms. The light-combining prism has four sides and four intersection planes formed by the four rectangular prisms. The LCOS modulator includes a first LCOS modulator, a second LCOS modulator, and a third LCOS modulator. The first LCOS modulator, the second LCOS modulator, and the third LCOS modulator are respectively disposed on light emitting sides of three different sides. At least two of the four intersection planes are configured to split light. At least two of the four intersection planes are configured to combine light.

A bricked sub-wavelength periodic waveguide and a modal adapter, power divider and polarization splitter that use the waveguide. The waveguide includes blocks disposed periodically with a period “L.sub.z” on a substrate and which alternate with a covering material. The first blocks have a width “a.sub.x” and the second blocks have a width “b.sub.x”, alternating on the substrate according to a period “L.sub.x”, the second blocks being shifted a distance “d.sub.z” the first blocks in the direction of propagation. A modal adapter, a power divider and a polarization splitter all use the periodic waveguide and can operate with larger wave periods without leaving the sub-wavelength regime.

An optical computing system includes: an intensity modulation device group including at least two intensity modulation devices, each of which includes modulation cells, wherein each of the modulation cells of each of the intensity modulation devices carries out intensity modulation with respect to carrier light in accordance with one of signals to generate a signal light beam, and each of the signals corresponds to each of the intensity modulation devices; and a light diffraction element including diffraction cells having respective thicknesses or refractive indices set independently of each other, wherein each of the diffraction cells receives the signal light beam from each of the modulation cells of each of the intensity modulation devices corresponding to each of the diffraction cells, and by causing signal light beams to have respective different optical path lengths to the light diffraction element, the signal light beams have respective different phases.

High-speed optical targeting systems and methods are described, wherein a light source, e.g., a laser, is optically coupled with a spatial light modulator. Some embodiments include a device for two-dimensional light steering. In some embodiments, the device comprises a spatial light modulator, and a laser in optical communication with the spatial light modulator. In some exemplary methods, an area is scanned withing a microscope with millisecond revisit time, such as with at least 500 individually targeted points of light. In other exemplary methods, a beam of light is directed from a laser light source into an optical system, through which the light may be focused into a line on a spatial light modulator, wherein the light can be scanned across the spatial light modulator, and directed from the spatial light modulator onto a sample. Other exemplary methods are drawn to the construction and use of the embodiments escribed herein.