This specification discusses a device which modulates, simultaneously or independently, the amplitude, polarization and phase of the electromagnetic radiation. This device has multiple metasurfaces, a spacer region between the metasurfaces, and an actuator for applying a force to at least one of the metasurfaces. The application of the force changes distance between at least two of the metasurfaces creating the of the electromagnetic radiation.

The disclosure provides a dispersion management method and apparatus based on non-periodic spectral phase jumps. Precise dispersion is provided by virtue of non-periodic spectral phase jumps, the dispersion can be tuned freely with engineering of the phase jump. A device based on non-periodic spectral phase jump also has a wide working bandwidth and could promote the development of ultrafast optics. The method includes: spatially separating a light pulse with different frequency components, and meanwhile, making the light pulse with the different frequency components propagate in parallel; enabling the light pulse with the different frequency components and propagating in parallel to be incident on a non-periodic phase jump device to obtain non-periodic spectral phase jumps, forming a phase grating effect to obtain two ±1-order diffracted pulses having opposite group delays, and introducing frequency dependent relative delay for the different spectral components in the two diffracted pulses.

A smart window including a solid polymer film which is opaque at an ambient temperature and transparent at an elevated temperature; a transparent heater to supply uniform heating to at least a part of the solid polymer film; and a power supply connected to the transparent heater.

A photonic heater is provided. The photonic heater includes a current source and a transfer circuit. The transfer circuit connected to the current source. The photonic heater further includes a heating element. The heating element is connected to the transfer circuit. The transfer circuit is operable to regulate an amount of current being transferred from the current court to the heating element.

According to one embodiment, a display device includes a display panel configured to modulate a first polarization component, a first viewing angle control panel including a first liquid crystal layer containing twisted liquid crystal molecules, a second viewing angle control panel including a second liquid crystal layer containing twisted liquid crystal molecules, and a polarization axis rotation element provided between the first viewing angle control panel and the display panel. A second polarization axis of a second polarization component which passed through the first viewing angle control panel is different from a first polarization axis of the first polarization component. The polarization axis rotation element is configured to rotate the second polarization axis.

A generator device for generating an arbitrary optical pulse pattern includes: a light source to provide primary laser pulses, a distributor to provide a plurality of primary optical pulses by distributing light of the primary laser pulses (LB00.sub.k) into a plurality of branches, a combiner to form an output signal by combining modulated optical signals from the branches, and a controller unit to provide control signals for controlling optical modulators of the branches, wherein a first branch comprises a first optical modulator to form a first modulated optical signal from primary optical pulses of the first branch, wherein a second branch comprises a second optical modulator to form a second modulated optical signal from primary optical pulses of the second branch, and wherein a propagation delay of the second branch is different from a propagation delay of the first branch.

An optical system is provided that includes a correction portion including one or more spatially varying polarizers. A first spatially varying polarizer of the one or more spatially varying polarizers has a first control input configured to receive a first control signal indicating whether the first spatially varying polarizer is to be active or inactive. When active, the first spatially varying polarizer is operative to provide a first optical correction on light passing through the correction portion. The optical system includes a controller configured to determine whether to implement the first optical correction on the light passing through the correction portion and in response to determining to implement the first optical correction on the light passing through the correction portion, output the first control signal indicating the first spatially varying polarizer is to be active. Additional spatially varying polarizers may be controlled to provide additional or alternative optical corrections.

An optical lens assembly to accept various illumination ellipticity profiles as angle of incidence (AOI) varies is provided. The optical lens assembly may include an optical stack, such as pancake optics. The optical lens assembly may also include a switchable optical element communicatively coupled to a controller. The optical lens assembly may further include an optical element, such as a Pancharatnam-Berry phase (PBP) lens, also known as a geometric phase lens (GPL). In some examples, the switchable optical element may be a switchable have wave plate, which may be configured, via application of optical power by the controller, so that the optical lens assembly may accept varying illumination ellipticity profiles as angle of incidence (AOI) increases.

A display device includes a liquid crystal display including a first liquid crystal display panel that displays a character or an image; a decorative member; and a controller that controls the display of the liquid crystal display. The decorative member is disposed on a display surface side of the liquid crystal display, and includes a display region in which the display of the liquid crystal display is transparently displayed, and a non-display region adjacent to the display region. The controller controls a luminance through the decorative member of a black display of the liquid crystal display to a luminance invisible to a user, and controls the luminance through the decorative member of a low-gradation region, except for the black display, of the liquid crystal display to a luminance visible to the user.

A display device includes a display panel including a first area, a second area, and a bending area disposed between the first area and the second area, the bending area having a curvature radius, a data driver disposed on the display panel and overlapping the second area in a plan view, and a bending protection layer disposed on the display panel and the data driver and overlapping the first area in a plan view, the bending area, and the second area. The bending protection layer includes a thermochromic pigment having a light transmittance that varies according to a temperature.