This patent document provides optical processing and switching of optical channels based on mode-division multiplexing (MDM) and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). In one implementation, a method is provided for processing different optical signal channels to include receiving different input optical signal channels in different optical waveguide modes and in different wavelengths; converting input optical signal channels in multimodes into single-mode optical signal channels, respectively; subsequent to the conversion, processing single-mode optical signal channels obtained from the different input optical signal channels to re-group single-mode optical signal channels into different groups of processed single-mode optical signal channels; and converting different groups of the processed single-mode optical signal channels into different groups of output optical signal channels containing one or more optical signal channels in multimodes multimode signals to direct the groups as different optical outputs.

An electronic device includes: a first display panel; a second display panel; a spacer configured to keep a distance between the first display panel and the second display panel; and an air layer which is provided between the first display panel and the second display panel and is surrounded by the spacer. The first display panel includes: pixel electrodes which reflect light; light-emission layers which are provided on the pixel electrodes and emit light; and a common electrode which is in contact with the light-emission layers. The second display panel includes a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, display electrodes, and a common electrode.

A light source assembly having N outputs is disclosed. The assembly comprising: a light source arrangement arranged for supplying light to M inputs, where M an N independently of each other are integers and where M2 and MN; at least one optical couplers, each having at least one input arm and a plurality of output arms; and an integer number, P, of mode scramblers;

The light source arrangement may comprise a broadband light source and a multimode coupler configured for receiving one or more light beams from the light source arrangement, wherein the one or more light beams being derived from the broadband light source and wherein a mode scrambler is arranged for mode scrambling one of said light beams before it enters the multimode coupler.

Recent remarkable progress in wave-front shaping has enabled control of light propagation inside linear media to focus and image through scattering objects. In particular, light propagation in multimode fibers comprises complex intermodal interactions and rich spatiotemporal dynamics. Control of physical phenomena in multimode fibers and its applications is in its infancy, opening opportunities to take advantage of complex mode interactions. Various embodiments of the present technology provide wave-front shaping for controlling nonlinear phenomena in multimode fibers. Using a spatial light modulator at the fiber's input and a genetic algorithm optimization, some embodiments control a highly nonlinear stimulated Raman scattering cascade and its interplay with four wave mixing via a flexible implicit control on the superposition of modes that are coupled into the fiber.

An optical modulator capable of curbing deterioration of transmission properties due to deformation of a housing is provided. Provided is an optical modulator including a substrate (10) on which an optical waveguide (20) is formed and a housing (30) that accommodates the substrate, in which the optical waveguide includes mode conversion branching portions (21, 22) which convert a mode of light waves propagating through the optical waveguide and branch the light waves, a mounting portion (32) protruding from a surface (31) inside the housing and holding the substrate is formed, and the substrate is fixed to the mounting portion in an arrangement in which a fixed end (33) between the substrate and the mounting portion is positioned outside a region including the mode conversion branching portions when the substrate is seen in a plan view.

An electro-holographic light field generator device comprises surface acoustic wave (SAW) optical modulators arranged in different directions. Specifically, some embodiments have SAW modulators arranged in pairs, nose-to-nose with each other, and have output couplers that provide face-fire light emission. These SAW modulators also possibly include SAW sense transducers and/or viscoelastic surface material to reduce crosstalk.

An electromagnetic frequency converter includes an atomic ensemble; one or more first sources (6, 8) of electromagnetic radiation (P, R) to be incident upon the atomic ensemble to excite atomic valence electrons from a ground state to a first Rydberg state; one or more second sources (6, 14) of electromagnetic radiation (A, C) to be incident upon the atomic ensemble to excite atomic valence electrons from an excited state to a second Rydberg state; a first input (20) and/or output (26) for electromagnetic radiation (L) to be incident upon the atomic ensemble from the first input or received from the atomic ensemble at the first output; and a second input (14) and/or output (24) for electromagnetic radiation (M) to be incident upon the atomic ensemble from the second input or received from the atomic ensemble at the second output.

This patent document provides optical processing and switching of optical channels based on mode-division multiplexing (MDM) and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). In one implementation, a method is provided for processing different optical signal channels to include receiving different input optical signal channels in different optical waveguide modes and in different wavelengths; converting input optical signal channels in multimodes into single-mode optical signal channels, respectively; subsequent to the conversion, processing single-mode optical signal channels obtained from the different input optical signal channels to re-group single-mode optical signal channels into different groups of processed single-mode optical signal channels; and converting different groups of the processed single-mode optical signal channels into different groups of output optical signal channels containing one or more optical signal channels in multimodes multimode signals to direct the groups as different optical outputs.

Recent remarkable progress in wave-front shaping has enabled control of light propagation inside linear media to focus and image through scattering objects. In particular, light propagation in multimode fibers comprises complex intermodal interactions and rich spatiotemporal dynamics. Control of physical phenomena in multimode fibers and its applications is in its infancy, opening opportunities to take advantage of complex mode interactions. Various embodiments of the present technology provide wave-front shaping for controlling nonlinear phenomena in multimode fibers. Using a spatial light modulator at the fiber's input and a genetic algorithm optimization, some embodiments control a highly nonlinear stimulated Raman scattering cascade and its interplay with four wave mixing via a flexible implicit control on the superposition of modes that are coupled into the fiber.

A microwave photonic filter is provided. The filter includes an optical source, an electro-optic modulator, a single mode optical fiber, a few-mode optical fiber, and a photodiode. The electro-optic modulator is configured to receive an optical carrier from the optical source and an input electrical signal. The electro-optic modulator modulates the optical carrier based on the input electrical signal. The single mode optical fiber is configured to receive the modulated optical carrier from the electro-optic modulator. The few-mode optical fiber is configured to receive the modulated optical carrier from the single mode optical fiber. The filter includes one of a plurality of methods for causing higher order mode excitation in the few-mode fiber. The photodiode is configured to receive an output from the few-mode optical fiber.