An amplification waveguide device and an amplification beam steering apparatus are provided. The amplification beam steering apparatus includes a beam steerer configured to control emission directions of light beams output therefrom, a plurality of waveguides configured to guide the light beams output from the beam steerer, and a light amplifier configured to amplify the light beams traveling through the plurality of waveguides.

Methods, systems, and devices for quantum key distribution (QKD) in passive optical networks (PONs) are described. A PON may be a point-to-multipoint system and may include a central node in communication with multiple remote nodes. In some cases, each remote node may include a QKD transmitter configured to generate a quantum pulse indicating a quantum key, a synchronization pulse generator configured to generate a timing indication of the quantum pulse, and filter configured to output the quantum pulse and the timing indication to the central node via an optical component (e.g., an optical splitter, a cyclic arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) router). The central node may receive the timing indications and quantum pulses from multiple remote nodes. Thus, the central node and remote nodes may be configured to communicate data encrypted using quantum keys.

Methods, systems, and devices for quantum key distribution (QKD) in passive optical networks (PONs) are described. A PON may be a point-to-multipoint system and may include a central node in communication with multiple remote nodes. In some cases, each remote node may include a QKD transmitter configured to generate a quantum pulse indicating a quantum key, a synchronization pulse generator configured to generate a timing indication of the quantum pulse, and filter configured to output the quantum pulse and the timing indication to the central node via an optical component (e.g., an optical splitter, a cyclic arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) router). The central node may receive the timing indications and quantum pulses from multiple remote nodes. Thus, the central node and remote nodes may be configured to communicate data encrypted using quantum keys.

A backlight includes a plurality of light sources of at least three different colors disposed on a base substrate, and a plurality of grating units that are disposed on a light exit side of the plurality of light sources and are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of light sources. Each of the plurality of grating units is used for splitting light emitted by a corresponding one of the plurality of light sources to form in an array of uniformly distributed monochromatic spots, so that the backlight may form an array of colored spots in which at least three different colors of light spots are alternately arranged in sequence along a first direction, wherein the first direction is a row direction or a column direction of the array of colored spots.

The disclosure discloses a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display grating. The method includes preparing a substrate, depositing a transparent film layer on the substrate, patterning the transparent film layer for producing a plurality of containing grooves, depositing a liquid crystal alignment film in the containing grooves, injecting liquid crystal molecules in the containing grooves, aligning and packaging the liquid crystal molecules. The disclosure can achieve 3D display by the method above.

The present disclosure discloses an anti-peep display device and an anti-peep display device. The anti-peep display device includes a display layer and a liquid crystal grating layer; the liquid crystal grating layer is disposed at a surface of the display layer, and the liquid crystal grating layer includes two layers of glass substrate and a liquid crystal layer; these two layers of glass substrate are spaced apart and oppositely disposed; the liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between the two layers of the glass substrate; by adjusting the liquid crystal layer, a plurality of gratings of the liquid crystal grating layer are controlled to switch between black and white, thereby controlling the anti-peep display device to switch between an anti-peep display mode and a shared display mode.

The present disclosure provides an optical element used in a reflection-type liquid crystal display system. The optical element includes a substrate, and a plurality of prisms formed on a surface of the substrate and sequentially arranged along a first direction. Each of the plurality of prisms includes a plurality of sub-prisms sequentially arranged along the first direction with refractive indexes sequentially decreased.

A display module and a display device. The display module includes: a display panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrate; and a backlight panel on a side of the first or second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer. The display panel further includes a color filter layer on a side of the liquid crystal layer away from the backlight panel. The color filter layer includes at least two portions having different transparency. The backlight panel is configured to emit a plurality of directional light beams to the color filter layer. The display panel is configured to change a propagation direction of each of the directional light beams by means of the liquid crystal layer, to adjust an irradiation position of the directional light beam on the color filter layer.

An anti-peeping device, an anti-peeping display, and a control method. The anti-peeping device comprises an external light source, a grating mirror structure, and a first controller coupled to the grating mirror structure. The external light source is configured to emit light towards the grating mirror structure, and the first controller is configured to control the grating mirror structure to rotate such that light emitted from the external light source towards the grating mirror structure is reflected to a first direction by the grating mirror structure, the first direction deviating from a normal perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the grating mirror structure.

A light guiding component is provided in an eyeball tracking module which includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, a first electrode disposed on the first substrate, a second electrode disposed on the second substrate, and at least one liquid crystal structure disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The liquid crystal structure includes liquid crystal molecules. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to control a deflection direction of the liquid crystal molecules with an applied voltage, such that a light ray incident to the light guiding component, which meets a threshold condition, is emitted along a predetermined direction.